2023 AMC 8 第 24 题

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24.

等腰三角形 ABCABC 中,ABABBCBC 长度相等。在下图中,画出若干与 AC\overline{AC} 平行的线段,使 ABC\triangle ABC 的阴影部分面积相同。两个未阴影部分的高分别为 111155 个单位。 ABC\triangle ABC 的高 hh 是多少?

Isosceles triangle ABCABC has equal side lengths ABAB and BC.BC. In the figures below, segments are drawn parallel to AC\overline{AC} so that the shaded portions of ABC\triangle ABC have the same area. The heights of the two unshaded portions are 1111 and 55 units, respectively. What is the height hh of ABC?\triangle ABC?

14.614.6

14.814.8

1515

15.215.2

15.415.4

答案:A
知识点:相似面积比
难度评级:1930
视频讲解:
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文字解答:

ABC\triangle ABC 的面积为 aa1111a(1(11h)2)a\left(1-\left(\frac{11}{h}\right)^2\right)

小三角形都与 h5h-5 相似,因此面积比等于对应高的比例的平方。 a(h5h)2a\left(\frac{h-5}{h}\right)^2aa 1(11h)2=(h5h)2. 1-\left(\dfrac{11}{h}\right)^2 =\left(\dfrac{h-5}{h}\right)^2.

由两图阴影面积相等,得到 h2121=h210h+25. h^2 - 121 = h^2 - 10h + 25. 10h=146, 10h = 146,

左边是左图阴影面积,右边是右图阴影三角形面积。 h=14.6h=14.6

化简得 再化简: 所以正确答案是 A

Let aa be the area of ABC.\triangle ABC. The unshaded triangle in the left figure has height 11,11, so the shaded area there is a(1(11h)2).a\left(1-\left(\frac{11}{h}\right)^2\right).

In the right figure, the shaded triangle has height h5,h-5, so its area is a(h5h)2.a\left(\frac{h-5}{h}\right)^2. Equating the shaded areas and canceling aa gives 1(11h)2=(h5h)2. 1-\left(\dfrac{11}{h}\right)^2 =\left(\dfrac{h-5}{h}\right)^2.

Simplifying yields h2121=h210h+25. h^2 - 121 = h^2 - 10h + 25. This simplifies to 10h=146, 10h = 146,

so h=14.6.h=14.6.

Thus, A is the correct answer.

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