1955 AMC 12 第 44 题

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44.

在圆 OO 中,延长弦 AB\overline{AB},使 BC\overline{BC} 等于圆的半径。连接 CO\overline{CO} 并延长至 DD。连接 AO\overline{AO}。下列哪一项表示角 xxyy 的关系?

In circle OO chord AB\overline{AB} is produced so that BC\overline{BC} equals a radius of the circle. CO\overline{CO} is drawn and extended to D.D. AO\overline{AO} is drawn. Which of the following expresses the relationship between angles xx and y?y?

x=3yx=3y

x=2yx=2y

x=60x=60^\circ

xxyy 之间没有特殊关系

there is no special relationship between xx and yy

x=2yx=2yx=3yx=3y,取决于 AB\overline{AB} 的长度

x=2yx=2y or x=3y,x=3y, depending upon the length of AB\overline{AB}

答案:A
知识点:isosceles trianglesexterior anglecircle geometry
难度评级:1740
小提示:

由于 OB=BCOB=BC,三角形 OBCOBC 是等腰三角形

Since OB=BC,OB=BC, triangle OBCOBC is isosceles

大提示:

先使用 BB 点处的外角,再使用 OA=OBOA=OB

Use the exterior angle at BB, then use OA=OBOA=OB

解答:

因为 OB=BCOB=BC,所以三角形 OBCOBC 是等腰三角形,故 BOC=BCO=y\angle BOC=\angle BCO=y。因此它在 BB 点处的外角为 ABO=2y\angle ABO=2y。又因为 OA=OBOA=OB,三角形 AOBAOB 也是等腰三角形,且 OAB=2y\angle OAB=2y。在三角形 AOCAOC 中,AA 点和 CC 点处的角分别为 2y2yyy,所以 AOC=1803y\angle AOC=180^\circ-3y。角 x=AODx=\angle AODAOC\angle AOC 互为补角,因此 x=3yx=3y

因此,正确答案是 A

Because OB=BC,OB=BC, triangle OBCOBC is isosceles, so BOC=BCO=y.\angle BOC=\angle BCO=y. Its exterior angle at BB is therefore ABO=2y.\angle ABO=2y. Since OA=OB,OA=OB, triangle AOBAOB is also isosceles and OAB=2y.\angle OAB=2y. In triangle AOC,AOC, the angles at AA and CC are 2y2y and y,y, so AOC=1803y.\angle AOC=180^\circ-3y. Angle x=AODx=\angle AOD is supplementary to AOC,\angle AOC, hence x=3y.x=3y.

Thus, the correct answer is A.

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