2025 AMC 10B 第 9 题

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9.

有多少个整数有序三元组 (x,y,z)(x, y, z) 满足下面的不等式组?

xyz2-x - y - z \le -2 x+y+z2-x + y + z \le 2 xy+z2x - y + z \le 2 x+yz2x + y - z \le 2

How many ordered triples of integers (x,y,z)(x, y, z) satisfy the following system of inequalities?

xyz2-x - y - z \le -2 x+y+z2-x + y + z \le 2 xy+z2x - y + z \le 2 x+yz2x + y - z \le 2

44

88

1111

1515

1717

答案:C
知识点:换元法奇偶性系统列举
难度评级:1560
解答:

p=x+y+zp = -x + y + zq=xy+zq = x - y + zr=x+yzr = x + y - z。后三个不等式给出 p,q,r2p, q, r \le 2,第一个不等式给出 x+y+z2x + y + z \ge 2,并且 p+q+r=x+y+zp + q + r = x + y + z。又因为 x=q+r2x = \tfrac{q + r}{2} 等,所以 p,q,rp, q, r 必须同奇偶。现在数每项 2\le 2、同奇偶、总和在 [2,6][2, 6] 中的三元组。偶数情形有 (2,2,2)(2,2,2)(2,2,0)(2,2,0) 的排列、(2,0,0)(2,0,0) 的排列,以及 (2,2,2)(2,2,-2) 的排列,共 1010 个。奇数情形只有 (1,1,1)(1,1,1)。总共 1111 个,并且每个都对应唯一的 (x,y,z)(x, y, z)。因此正确答案是 C

Let p=x+y+z,p = -x + y + z, q=xy+z,q = x - y + z, r=x+yz.r = x + y - z. The last three inequalities say p,q,r2,p, q, r \le 2, the first says x+y+z2,x + y + z \ge 2, and p+q+r=x+y+z.p + q + r = x + y + z. Since x=q+r2x = \tfrac{q + r}{2} and so on, p,q,rp, q, r must all share the same parity. Now count triples with each part 2,\le 2, equal parity, and sum in [2,6].[2, 6]. The even ones are (2,2,2),(2,2,2), the permutations of (2,2,0),(2,2,0), of (2,0,0),(2,0,0), and of (2,2,2),(2,2,-2), giving 10.10. The only odd one is (1,1,1).(1,1,1). That's 1111 in all, and each yields a unique (x,y,z).(x, y, z). Thus, C is the correct answer.

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