2000 AMC 10 第 7 题

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7.

在长方形 ABCDABCD 中,AD=1AD = 1,点 PPAB\overline{AB} 上,且 DB\overline{DB}DP\overline{DP} 三等分 ADC\angle ADC。求 BDP\triangle BDP 的周长。

In rectangle ABCD,ABCD, AD=1,AD = 1, PP is on AB,\overline{AB}, and DB\overline{DB} and DP\overline{DP} trisect ADC.\angle ADC. What is the perimeter of BDP?\triangle BDP?

3+333 + \dfrac{\sqrt3}{3}

2+4332 + \dfrac{4\sqrt3}{3}

2+222 + 2\sqrt2

3+352\dfrac{3 + 3\sqrt5}{2}

2+5332 + \dfrac{5\sqrt3}{3}

答案:B
知识点:特殊直角三角形矩形周长
难度评级:1390
解答:

直角 ADC=90\angle ADC = 90^\circ 被三等分成三个 3030^\circ 角,所以 ADP=30\angle ADP = 30^\circADB=60\angle ADB = 60^\circ

在直角三角形 ADPADP 中,由 AD=1AD = 1DP=1cos30=233DP = \dfrac{1}{\cos 30^\circ} = \dfrac{2\sqrt3}{3}AP=tan30=33AP = \tan 30^\circ = \dfrac{\sqrt3}{3}

在直角三角形 ADBADB 中,由 AD=1AD = 1DB=1cos60=2DB = \dfrac{1}{\cos 60^\circ} = 2AB=tan60=3AB = \tan 60^\circ = \sqrt3

于是 PB=ABAP=333=233. \begin{aligned} PB = AB - AP &= \sqrt3 - \dfrac{\sqrt3}{3} \\ &= \dfrac{2\sqrt3}{3}. \end{aligned}

BDP\triangle BDP 的周长为 DP+PB+DB=233+233+2=2+433. \begin{gathered} DP + PB + DB \\ = \dfrac{2\sqrt3}{3} + \dfrac{2\sqrt3}{3} + 2 \\ = 2 + \dfrac{4\sqrt3}{3}. \end{gathered}

所以正确答案是 B

The right angle ADC=90\angle ADC = 90^\circ is trisected into three 3030^\circ angles, so ADP=30\angle ADP = 30^\circ and ADB=60.\angle ADB = 60^\circ.

In right triangle ADP,ADP, with AD=1,AD = 1, we get DP=1cos30=233DP = \dfrac{1}{\cos 30^\circ} = \dfrac{2\sqrt3}{3} and AP=tan30=33.AP = \tan 30^\circ = \dfrac{\sqrt3}{3}.

In right triangle ADB,ADB, with AD=1,AD = 1, we get DB=1cos60=2DB = \dfrac{1}{\cos 60^\circ} = 2 and AB=tan60=3.AB = \tan 60^\circ = \sqrt3.

Then PB=ABAP=333=233. \begin{aligned} PB = AB - AP &= \sqrt3 - \dfrac{\sqrt3}{3} \\ &= \dfrac{2\sqrt3}{3}. \end{aligned}

The perimeter of BDP\triangle BDP is DP+PB+DB=233+233+2=2+433. \begin{gathered} DP + PB + DB \\ = \dfrac{2\sqrt3}{3} + \dfrac{2\sqrt3}{3} + 2 \\ = 2 + \dfrac{4\sqrt3}{3}. \end{gathered}

Thus, the correct answer is B.

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