2020 AMC 10B Problem 11

Attempt Problem 11 of the 2020 AMC 10B below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2020 AMC 10B solutions, or check the answer key.

All problems are used with official legal permission of the Mathematical Association of America (MAA).

11.

Ms. Carr asks her students to read any 55 of the 1010 books on a reading list. Harold randomly selects 55 books from this list, and Betty does the same. What is the probability that there are exactly 22 books that they both select?
18\dfrac{1}{8}
536\dfrac{5}{36}
1445\dfrac{14}{45}
2563\dfrac{25}{63}
12\dfrac{1}{2}
Answer: D
Concepts:combinationsbasic probability
Small hint:
Fix Harold’s five books and count Betty’s choices
Big hint:
Betty must choose exactly two from Harold’s books and three from the other five
Solution:
Assume that Harold has already picked his 55 books. Of these five books, there are (52)\binom{5}{2} ways that Betty can have picked exactly two of the same books as Harold, and (53)\binom{5}{3} ways that Betty can choose her other three books from the 55 books not on Harold’s list.
Thus there are (52)(53)=100\binom{5}{2}\binom{5}{3}=100 favorable choices for Betty out of (105)=252\binom{10}{5}=252 equally likely choices. The probability is 100252=2563.\frac{100}{252}=\frac{25}{63}. Thus, D is the correct answer.
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