1953 AMC 12 第 46 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

46.

一个男孩没有沿着一块矩形田地的两条邻边行走,而是沿田地的对角线抄近路,所节省的路程等于长边的 12\frac{1}{2}。该矩形短边与长边之比为:

Instead of walking along two adjacent sides of a rectangular field, a boy took a short-cut along the diagonal of the field and saved a distance equal to 12\frac{1}{2} the longer side. The ratio of the shorter side of the rectangle to the longer side was:

12\dfrac12

25\dfrac25

14\dfrac14

34\dfrac34

25\dfrac25

答案:D
知识点:矩形Pythagorean theoremratio
难度评级:1590
小提示:

设长边和短边分别为 LLWW

Let the longer and shorter sides be LL and WW

大提示:

条件为 L+WL2+W2=L2L+W-\sqrt{L^2+W^2}=\frac{L}{2}

The condition is L+WL2+W2=L2L+W-\sqrt{L^2+W^2}=\frac{L}{2}

解答:

由节省路程的条件可得 L2+W2=L2+W \sqrt{L^2+W^2}=\frac L2+W\text{。}两边平方并消去 W2W^2,得到 L2=L24+LW L^2=\frac{L^2}{4}+LW\text{,}所以 WL=34\frac{W}{L}=\frac{3}{4}

因此,正确答案是 D

The saving condition gives L2+W2=L2+W. \sqrt{L^2+W^2}=\frac L2+W. Squaring and canceling W2W^2 yields L2=L24+LW, L^2=\frac{L^2}{4}+LW, so WL=34.\frac{W}{L}=\frac{3}{4}.

Thus, the correct answer is D.

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