2025 AIME I Problem 2

Attempt Problem 2 of the 2025 AIME I below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2025 AIME I solutions, or check the answer key.

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2.

On ABC\triangle ABC points A,A, D,D, E,E, and BB lie in that order on side AB\overline{AB} with AD=4,AD = 4, DE=16,DE = 16, and EB=8.EB = 8. Points A,A, F,F, G,G, and CC lie in that order on side AC\overline{AC} with AF=13,AF = 13, FG=52,FG = 52, and GC=26.GC = 26. Let MM be the reflection of DD through F,F, and let NN be the reflection of GG through E.E. Quadrilateral DEGFDEGF has area 288.288. Find the area of heptagon AFNBCEM.AFNBCEM.

Answer: 588
Concepts:area ratioshoelace formulavector
Difficulty rating: 2340
Solution:

Here AB=4+16+8=28AB = 4 + 16 + 8 = 28 and AC=13+52+26=91,AC = 13 + 52 + 26 = 91, so DD and FF lie 17\frac{1}{7} of the way from AA along their sides while EE and GG lie 57\frac{5}{7} of the way. Triangles sharing angle AA have areas proportional to the products of the adjacent sides, so [ADF]=149[ABC][ADF] = \frac{1}{49}[ABC] and [AEG]=2549[ABC].[AEG] = \frac{25}{49}[ABC]. Therefore [DEGF]=[AEG][ADF]=2449[ABC]=288, \begin{aligned} [DEGF] &= [AEG] - [ADF] \\ &= \frac{24}{49}[ABC] = 288, \end{aligned} which gives [ABC]=588.[ABC] = 588.

Now set b=AB\mathbf{b} = \overrightarrow{AB} and c=AC,\mathbf{c} = \overrightarrow{AC}, so that D=17b,D = \frac{1}{7}\mathbf{b}, E=57b,E = \frac{5}{7}\mathbf{b}, F=17c,F = \frac{1}{7}\mathbf{c}, G=57c,G = \frac{5}{7}\mathbf{c}, and the reflections are M=2FD=17(2cb)M = 2F - D = \frac{1}{7}(2\mathbf{c} - \mathbf{b}) and N=2EG=17(10b5c).N = 2E - G = \frac{1}{7}(10\mathbf{b} - 5\mathbf{c}). The shoelace formula for AFNBCEMAFNBCEM sums cross products of consecutive vertices: the two terms at AA vanish, and F×N=1049b×c,N×B=57b×c,B×C=b×c,C×E=57b×c,E×M=1049b×c. \begin{aligned} F \times N &= -\tfrac{10}{49}\,\mathbf{b} \times \mathbf{c}, \\ N \times B &= \tfrac{5}{7}\,\mathbf{b} \times \mathbf{c}, \\ B \times C &= \mathbf{b} \times \mathbf{c}, \\ C \times E &= -\tfrac{5}{7}\,\mathbf{b} \times \mathbf{c}, \\ E \times M &= \tfrac{10}{49}\,\mathbf{b} \times \mathbf{c}. \end{aligned}

Everything cancels except the single term b×c,\mathbf{b} \times \mathbf{c}, so the heptagon's area is 12b×c=[ABC]=588.\frac{1}{2}\left|\mathbf{b} \times \mathbf{c}\right| = [ABC] = 588.

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