2010 AIME II Problem 12

Below is the professionally curated solution for Problem 12 of the 2010 AIME II, from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2010 AIME II solutions, or check the answer key.

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Concepts:isosceles trianglePythagorean TheoremDiophantine Equation

Difficulty rating: 3060

12.

Two noncongruent integer-sided isosceles triangles have the same perimeter and the same area. The ratio of the lengths of the bases of the two triangles is 8:7.8 : 7. Find the minimum possible value of their common perimeter.

Solution:

Since the integer bases are in ratio 8:7,8 : 7, they are 8a8a and 7a7a for a positive integer a.a. Equal areas make the corresponding altitudes inversely proportional to the bases, say 7h7h and 8h.8h. The legs are then 16a2+49h2\sqrt{16a^2 + 49h^2} and 494a2+64h2,\sqrt{\frac{49}{4}a^2 + 64h^2}, and equal perimeters give 8a+216a2+49h2=7a+2494a2+64h2.8a + 2\sqrt{16a^2 + 49h^2} = 7a + 2\sqrt{\tfrac{49}{4}a^2 + 64h^2}.

Moving 7a7a to the left and squaring yields a16a2+49h2=15h24a2;a\sqrt{16a^2 + 49h^2} = 15h^2 - 4a^2; squaring again and simplifying leaves 225h4=169a2h2,225h^4 = 169a^2h^2, so h=13a15.h = \frac{13a}{15}. The legs become 16a2+49169a2225=109a15and494a2+64169a2225=233a30.\sqrt{16a^2 + 49 \cdot \tfrac{169a^2}{225}} = \frac{109a}{15} \qquad \text{and} \qquad \sqrt{\tfrac{49}{4}a^2 + 64 \cdot \tfrac{169a^2}{225}} = \frac{233a}{30}.

For all sides to be integers, 3030 must divide a.a. Taking a=30a = 30 gives the triangles (218,218,240)(218, 218, 240) and (233,233,210),(233, 233, 210), each with perimeter 676676 and area 21840.21840. The minimum common perimeter is 676.676.

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