Solution:

Work prime by prime. Since $149 - 2 = 147 = 3 \cdot 7^2,$ the lifting-the-exponent lemma gives $v_3(149^n - 2^n) = v_3(147) + v_3(n) = 1 + v_3(n)$ and $v_7(149^n - 2^n) = 2 + v_7(n)$ for every positive integer $n.$ Requiring at least $3$ and $7$ forces $3^2 \mid n$ and $7^5 \mid n.$

For $5$ we first need $149^n \equiv 2^n \pmod 5,$ i.e. $4^n \equiv 2^n,$ i.e. $2^n \equiv 1 \pmod 5,$ which requires $4 \mid n.$ Write $n = 4k.$ In $149^4 - 2^4 = (149 - 2)(149 + 2)(149^2 + 4),$ only the last factor is divisible by $5,$ and only once, since $149^2 + 4 = 22205 = 5 \cdot 4441.$ Lifting the exponent from the base $149^4, 2^4$ gives $v_5(149^n - 2^n) = 1 + v_5(k),$ so $5^4 \mid k,$ i.e. $4 \cdot 5^4 \mid n.$

The least valid $n$ is $2^2 \cdot 3^2 \cdot 5^4 \cdot 7^5,$ which has $(2+1)(2+1)(4+1)(5+1) = 270$ positive divisors.