1984 AIME Problem 14

Attempt Problem 14 of the 1984 AIME below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 1984 AIME solutions, or check the answer key.

All problems are used with official legal permission of the Mathematical Association of America (MAA).

14.

What is the largest even integer that cannot be written as the sum of two odd composite numbers?

Answer: 38
Concepts:primemodular arithmeticextremal argument
Difficulty rating: 2650
Small Hint:

Test candidate even integers by listing the odd composites no greater than half the candidate

Big Hint:

For sufficiently large even N,N, work modulo 66 and try subtracting 9,9, 25,25, or 3535

Solution:

In a representation of 38,38, the smaller odd composite would be at most 19.19. The only possibilities are 99 and 15,15, whose complements 2929 and 2323 are prime. Thus 3838 is not representable.

Now let N>38N>38 be even. If N0(mod6),N\equiv0\pmod6, write N=9+(N9).N=9+(N-9). If N2(mod6),N\equiv2\pmod6, write N=35+(N35).N=35+(N-35). If N4(mod6),N\equiv4\pmod6, write N=25+(N25).N=25+(N-25). In each case the second summand is an odd multiple of 33 greater than 3,3, hence is composite; the fixed first summand is also odd and composite. Therefore every even integer greater than 3838 is representable, so the largest exception is 38.38.

← Problem 13#13
Full Exam

Problem 14 in Other Years