2024 AMC 8 第 20 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

20.

下图所示立方体 PQRSTUVWPQRSTUVW 的任意三个顶点都可以连接成一个三角形。(例如,顶点 PPQQRR 可以连成等腰三角形 PQR\bigtriangleup PQR。)这些三角形中,有多少个是等边三角形并且包含顶点 PP

Any three vertices of the cube PQRSTUVW,PQRSTUVW, shown in the figure below, can be connected to form a triangle. (For example, vertices P,P, Q,Q, and RR can be connected to form isosceles PQR.\bigtriangleup PQR.) How many of these triangles are equilateral and contain PP as a vertex?

00

11

22

33

66

答案:D
知识点:正方体等边三角形
难度评级:1420
小提示:

经过 PP 的等边三角形必须使用从 PP 出发的面对角线

An equilateral triangle through PP must use face diagonals from PP

大提示:

查看与 PP 相距一条面对角线的三个顶点

Look at the three vertices a face diagonal away from PP

解答:

首先注意到,只有沿着正方形面的对角线才能得到等边三角形,否则三角形至少有一个角与其余的不同。之后就容易逐一列出所有可能的等边三角形:PVT\triangle PVTPRT\triangle PRTPRV\triangle PRV

所以正确答案是 D

We first note that we can only form equilateral triangles if we go through the diagonals of the square faces, otherwise at least one angle of the triangle will be different. Afterwards, it is easy to exhaust all possible equilateral triangles that can be formed: PVT,\triangle PVT, PRT,\triangle PRT, and PRV.\triangle PRV.

Thus, D is the correct answer.

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