1996 AMC 8 第 25 题

先试着解答 1996 AMC 8 第 25 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1996 AMC 8 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

25.

在一个圆形区域内随机选取一点。该点到圆心的距离小于它到圆边界的距离的概率是多少?
A point is chosen at random from within a circular region. What is the probability that the point is closer to the center of the region than it is to the boundary of the region?
14\dfrac{1}{4}
13\dfrac{1}{3}
12\dfrac{1}{2}
23\dfrac{2}{3}
34\dfrac{3}{4}
答案:A
知识点:几何概率面积比
小提示:
一个点到圆心比到边界更近,当且仅当它到圆心的距离小于半径的一半。
A point is closer to the center than the boundary exactly when its distance from the center is less than half the radius
大提示:
比较半径为 12\tfrac12 的内圆面积与半径为 11 的整个圆面积。
Compare the area of the inner circle of radius 12\tfrac12 to the whole circle of radius 11
解答:
设圆半径为 11。距圆心 rr 的点到圆心比到边界更近,当且仅当 r<1−rr \lt 1 - r,即 r<12r \lt \tfrac12。
有利区域是半径为 12\tfrac12 的圆,面积为 π(12)2=π4\pi(\tfrac12)^2 = \tfrac{\pi}{4},整个圆面积为 π\pi。概率为 π4π=14\dfrac{\frac{\pi}{4}}{\pi} = \dfrac14。
所以正确答案是 A。
Take the radius to be 1.1. A point at distance rr from the center is closer to the center than to the boundary when r<1−r,r \lt 1 - r, i.e. r<12.r \lt \tfrac12.
The favorable region is a circle of radius 12,\tfrac12, with area π(12)2=π4,\pi(\tfrac12)^2 = \tfrac{\pi}{4}, out of the total area π.\pi. The probability is π4π=14.\dfrac{\frac{\pi}{4}}{\pi} = \dfrac14.
Thus, the correct answer is A .
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