2010 AMC 10B 第 17 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

17.

Euclid 市的每所高中都派出一支 33 人队伍参加数学竞赛。每位参赛者的分数都不同。Andrea 的分数是所有学生中的中位数,并且她是自己队伍中得分最高的。Andrea 的队友 Beth 和 Carla 分别排第 3737 和第 6464。这个城市有多少所学校?

Every high school in the city of Euclid sent a team of 33 students to a math contest. Each participant in the contest received a different score. Andrea’s score was the median among all students, and hers was the highest score on her team. Andrea’s teammates Beth and Carla placed 3737th and 6464th, respectively. How many schools are in the city?

2222

2323

2424

2525

2626

答案:B
知识点:中位数(数据)不等式逻辑推理
难度评级:1600
小提示:

如果有 nn 所学校,则共有 3n3n 名参赛者。

If there are nn schools, there are 3n3n contestants

大提示:

Andrea 的中位名次为 3n+12\dfrac{3n+1}{2}

Andrea’s median place is 3n+12\dfrac{3n+1}{2}

解答:

设有 nn 所学校,则比赛中共有 3n3n 名参赛者。

因为中位数是某一名学生的分数,3n3n 是奇数,所以 nn 是奇数。Carla 排第 6464 要求 3n643n\ge64,因此奇数 nn 至少为 2323

Andrea 的中位名次是 3n+12\dfrac{3n+1}{2}。因为她是队内最高分,所以名次在 Beth 之前,故 3n+12<37\dfrac{3n+1}{2}\lt37。这给出 3n<733n\lt73,所以奇数 nn 至多为 2323

因此共有 2323 所学校。

所以正确答案是 B

Let there be nn schools. Then there are 3n3n participants in the contest.

Because the median is one student’s score, 3n3n is odd, so nn is odd. Carla’s 6464th place requires 3n64,3n\ge64, and hence the odd integer nn is at least 23.23.

Andrea’s median place is 3n+12.\dfrac{3n+1}{2}. Because she had the highest score on her team, she finished ahead of Beth, so 3n+12<37.\dfrac{3n+1}{2}\lt37. This gives 3n<73,3n\lt73, and therefore the odd integer nn is at most 23.23.

Thus there are 2323 schools.

Thus, B is the correct answer.

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