2024 AMC 10A Problem 6

Attempt Problem 6 of the 2024 AMC 10A below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2024 AMC 10A solutions, or check the answer key.

All problems are used with official legal permission of the Mathematical Association of America (MAA).

6.

What is the minimum number of successive swaps of adjacent letters in the string ABCDEF that are needed to change the string to FEDCBA?
(For example, 33 swaps are required to change ABC to CBA; one such sequence of swaps is ABC →\to BAC →\to BCA →\to CBA.)
66
1010
1212
1515
2424
Answer: D
Concepts:permutationscounting pairsinvariant
Small hint:
Each adjacent swap changes the relative order of exactly one pair of letters
Big hint:
In the fully reversed string every pair of letters is out of order; count the pairs with (62)\binom{6}{2}
Solution:
Reversing all six letters flips the relative order of every pair, so all (62)=15\binom{6}{2} = 15 pairs end up inverted. Each adjacent swap fixes exactly one inversion. So we need at least 1515 swaps, and bubbling each letter into place hits 1515 exactly. Therefore, the answer is D.
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