2019 AIME I Problem 13

Attempt Problem 13 of the 2019 AIME I below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2019 AIME I solutions, or check the answer key.

All problems are used with official legal permission of the Mathematical Association of America (MAA).

13.

Triangle ABCABC has side lengths AB=4,AB = 4, BC=5,BC = 5, and CA=6.CA = 6. Points DD and EE are on ray ABAB with AB<AD<AE.AB \lt AD \lt AE. The point FCF \neq C is a point of intersection of the circumcircles of ACD\triangle ACD and EBC\triangle EBC satisfying DF=2DF = 2 and EF=7.EF = 7. Then BEBE can be expressed as a+bcd,\frac{a + b\sqrt{c}}{d}, where a,a, b,b, c,c, and dd are positive integers such that aa and dd are relatively prime, and cc is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find a+b+c+d.a + b + c + d.

Answer: 32
Concepts:cyclic quadrilateralradical axispower of a pointlaw of cosines
Difficulty rating: 3370
Solution:

Points D,ED, E lie beyond BB on ray AB,AB, and FF lies on the opposite side of line ABAB from C.C. Since ACFDACFD and BCFEBCFE are cyclic, the inscribed angles give FDA=FCA\angle FDA = \angle FCA and FEB=FCB.\angle FEB = \angle FCB. Writing α=FCA\alpha = \angle FCA and β=FCB,\beta = \angle FCB, triangle DEFDEF has angles FDE=180α\angle FDE = 180^\circ - \alpha and FED=β,\angle FED = \beta, so DFE=αβ=ACB.\angle DFE = \alpha - \beta = \angle ACB. From triangle ABC,ABC, cosACB=25+3616256=34,\cos \angle ACB = \frac{25 + 36 - 16}{2 \cdot 5 \cdot 6} = \frac{3}{4}, so the law of cosines in triangle DFEDFE gives DE2=22+7222734=32,DE=42. \begin{aligned} DE^2 &= 2^2 + 7^2 - 2 \cdot 2 \cdot 7 \cdot \tfrac{3}{4} \\ &= 32, \\ DE &= 4\sqrt{2}. \end{aligned}

In triangle DFE,DFE, cosFDE=4+32492242=13232,\cos \angle FDE = \frac{4 + 32 - 49}{2 \cdot 2 \cdot 4\sqrt{2}} = -\frac{13\sqrt{2}}{32}, so α\alpha is acute with cosα=13232\cos\alpha = \frac{13\sqrt{2}}{32} and sinα=13381024=71432.\sin\alpha = \sqrt{1 - \frac{338}{1024}} = \frac{7\sqrt{14}}{32}. Let GG be the intersection of line CFCF with line AB.AB. In triangle ACG,ACG, GAC=BAC\angle GAC = \angle BAC has cosBAC=16+3625246=916,\cos \angle BAC = \frac{16 + 36 - 25}{2 \cdot 4 \cdot 6} = \frac{9}{16}, sinBAC=5716,\sin \angle BAC = \frac{5\sqrt{7}}{16}, and ACG=α,\angle ACG = \alpha, so sin(BAC+α)\sin(\angle BAC + \alpha) =571613232= \frac{5\sqrt{7}}{16} \cdot \frac{13\sqrt{2}}{32} +91671432+ \frac{9}{16} \cdot \frac{7\sqrt{14}}{32} =144= \frac{\sqrt{14}}{4} and AG=ACsinαsin(BAC+α)=671432144=214. \begin{aligned} AG &= \frac{AC \sin \alpha}{\sin(\angle BAC + \alpha)} \\ &= \frac{6 \cdot \frac{7\sqrt{14}}{32}}{\frac{\sqrt{14}}{4}} \\ &= \frac{21}{4}. \end{aligned}

Line CFCF is the radical axis of the two circles, so GAGD=GBGE.GA \cdot GD = GB \cdot GE. With x=BDx = BD and BE=x+DE=x+42:BE = x + DE = x + 4\sqrt{2}: 214(x54)=54(x54+42), \begin{aligned} &\frac{21}{4}\left(x - \frac{5}{4}\right) \\ &= \frac{5}{4}\left(x - \frac{5}{4} + 4\sqrt{2}\right), \end{aligned} since GD=4+x214GD = 4 + x - \frac{21}{4} and GB=2144.GB = \frac{21}{4} - 4. This gives 16(x54)=202,16\left(x - \frac{5}{4}\right) = 20\sqrt{2}, so x=5+524x = \frac{5 + 5\sqrt{2}}{4} and BE=5+2124.BE = \frac{5 + 21\sqrt{2}}{4}. Therefore a+b+c+d=5+21+2+4a + b + c + d = 5 + 21 + 2 + 4 =32.= 32.

← Problem 12#12
Full Exam

Problem 13 in Other Years