2010 AIME I Problem 11

Attempt Problem 11 of the 2010 AIME I below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2010 AIME I solutions, or check the answer key.

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11.

Let R\mathcal{R} be the region consisting of the set of points in the coordinate plane that satisfy both ∣8−x∣+y≤10|8 - x| + y \le 10 and 3y−x≥15.3y - x \ge 15. When R\mathcal{R} is revolved around the line whose equation is 3y−x=15,3y - x = 15, the volume of the resulting solid is mπnp,\frac{m\pi}{n\sqrt{p}}, where m,m, n,n, and pp are positive integers, mm and nn are relatively prime, and pp is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find m+n+p.m + n + p.

Answer: 365
Concepts:volumeconecoordinate geometry
Difficulty rating: 2920
Small Hint:

The region is a triangle with one side on the axis of revolution 3y−x=15;3y - x = 15; find its three vertices

Big Hint:

Revolving gives two cones sharing a base: total volume 13π d2⋅AB,\frac{1}{3}\pi\,d^2 \cdot AB, where dd is the distance from the off-axis vertex to the line

Solution:

The condition ∣8−x∣+y≤10|8 - x| + y \le 10 means y≤x+2y \le x + 2 for x≤8x \le 8 and y≤18−xy \le 18 - x for x≥8.x \ge 8. Intersecting with the half-plane 3y−x≥153y - x \ge 15 leaves the triangle with vertices A=(92,132)A = \left(\frac{9}{2}, \frac{13}{2}\right) and B=(394,334)B = \left(\frac{39}{4}, \frac{33}{4}\right) on the line 3y−x=15,3y - x = 15, and apex C=(8,10).C = (8, 10).

Side ABAB lies on the axis of revolution, and the foot DD of the perpendicular from CC to the line, namely (8.7,7.9),(8.7, 7.9), lies between AA and B.B. So the solid is two cones sharing a base of radius CDCD with heights summing to AB,AB, and its volume is 13π⋅CD2⋅AB.\frac{1}{3}\pi \cdot CD^2 \cdot AB. Here CD=∣3⋅10−8−15∣10=710,AB=(214)2+(74)2=7104. \begin{aligned} CD &= \frac{|3 \cdot 10 - 8 - 15|}{\sqrt{10}} = \frac{7}{\sqrt{10}}, \\ AB &= \sqrt{\left(\tfrac{21}{4}\right)^2 + \left(\tfrac{7}{4}\right)^2} \\ &= \frac{7\sqrt{10}}{4}. \end{aligned}

The volume is 13π⋅4910⋅7104=343π1210,\frac{1}{3}\pi \cdot \frac{49}{10} \cdot \frac{7\sqrt{10}}{4} = \frac{343\pi}{12\sqrt{10}}, so m+n+p=343+12+10m + n + p = 343 + 12 + 10 =365.= 365.

Problem 10#10
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