1996 AMC 8 第 21 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

21.

从集合 {89,95,99,132,166,173}\{89, 95, 99, 132, 166, 173\} 中可以选出多少个包含三个不同数的子集,使这三个数的和为偶数?

How many subsets containing three different numbers can be selected from the set {89,95,99,132,166,173}\{89, 95, 99, 132, 166, 173\} so that the sum of the three numbers is even?

66

88

1010

1212

2424

答案:D
知识点:奇偶性组合
难度评级:1200
解答:

集合中有 44 个奇数:89,95,99,17389, 95, 99, 173,以及 22 个偶数:132,166132, 166。三个数和为偶数需要两个奇数和一个偶数,因为只有两个偶数,无法选三个偶数。

数量为 (42)(21)=62=12\binom{4}{2} \cdot \binom{2}{1} = 6 \cdot 2 = 12

所以正确答案是 D

The set has 44 odd numbers (89,95,99,17389, 95, 99, 173) and 22 even numbers (132,166132, 166). A sum of three is even only with two odds and one even, since three evens is impossible with just two available.

The count is (42)(21)=62=12\binom{4}{2} \cdot \binom{2}{1} = 6 \cdot 2 = 12.

Thus, the correct answer is D .

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