2018 AMC 8 Problem 21

Below is the video solution and professionally curated solution for Problem 21 of the 2018 AMC 8, from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2018 AMC 8 solutions, or check the answer key.

All of the real AMC 8, AMC 10, AMC 12, and AIME problems in our complete solution collection are used with official legal permission of the Mathematical Association of America (MAA).

Concepts:Chinese Remainder Theoremleast common multiplecounting integers in a range

Difficulty rating: 1490

21.

How many positive three-digit integers have a remainder of 22 when divided by 6,6, a remainder of 55 when divided by 9, and a remainder of 77 when divided by 11?11?

1 1

2 2

3 3

4 4

5 5

Video solution:
Solution video thumbnail
Play video

Click to load, then click again to play

Written solution:

Suppose xx is a number that satisfies these conditions. We know that 100x999.100 \leq x \leq 999.

The first statement implies that x2mod64mod6\begin{align*}x &\equiv 2 \mod 6\\&\equiv -4 \mod 6\end{align*} This, in turn, implies that x+40mod6.x+4 \equiv 0 \mod 6 .

Similarly, the second statement implies that x5mod94mod9\begin{align*}x &\equiv 5 \mod 9 \\&\equiv -4 \mod 9 \end{align*} This, in turn, implies that x+40mod9.x+4 \equiv 0 \mod 9 .

Finally, the third statement implies that x7mod114mod11\begin{align*}x &\equiv 7 \mod 11 \\&\equiv -4 \mod 11\end{align*} This, in turn, implies that x+40mod11.x+4 \equiv 0 \mod 11.

Together, these three conditions mean that 6x+4,6\mid x+4, 9x+4,9\mid x+4, and 11x+4,11\mid x+4, so lcm(6,9,11)x+4.\operatorname{lcm}(6,9,11)\mid x+4 . Therefore, 198x+4.198\mid x+4. We also know 104x+41003,104 \leq x+4 \leq 1003 , so we can see that there are 55 possible values in this interval that are multiples of 198.198.

Thus, E is the correct answer.

Problem 21 in Other Years

1985 AMC 8 · 1986 AMC 8 · 1987 AMC 8 · 1988 AMC 8 · 1989 AMC 8 · 1990 AMC 8 · 1991 AMC 8 · 1992 AMC 8 · 1993 AMC 8 · 1994 AMC 8 · 1995 AMC 8 · 1996 AMC 8 · 1997 AMC 8 · 1998 AMC 8 · 1999 AMC 8 · 2000 AMC 8 · 2001 AMC 8 · 2002 AMC 8 · 2003 AMC 8 · 2004 AMC 8 · 2005 AMC 8 · 2006 AMC 8 · 2007 AMC 8 · 2008 AMC 8 · 2009 AMC 8 · 2010 AMC 8 · 2011 AMC 8 · 2012 AMC 8 · 2013 AMC 8 · 2014 AMC 8 · 2015 AMC 8 · 2016 AMC 8 · 2017 AMC 8 · 2019 AMC 8 · 2020 AMC 8 · 2022 AMC 8 · 2023 AMC 8 · 2024 AMC 8 · 2025 AMC 8 · 2026 AMC 8