2007 AMC 10A 真题
计时
1:15:00
1.
一张演出票全价为 。Susan 使用一张 折扣券买了 张票。Pam 使用一张 折扣券买了 张票。Pam 比 Susan 多付多少美元?
One ticket to a show costs at full price. Susan buys tickets using a coupon that gives her a discount. Pam buys tickets using a coupon that gives her a discount. How many more dollars does Pam pay than Susan?
2.
3.
一个水族箱底面为 厘米乘 厘米的矩形,高为 厘米。水装到 厘米高。将一块底面为 厘米乘 厘米、高为 厘米的长方体砖放入水族箱。水面上升多少厘米?
An aquarium has a rectangular base that measures cm by cm and has a height of cm. It is filled with water to a height of cm. A brick with a rectangular base that measures cm by cm and a height of cm is placed in the aquarium. By how many centimeters does the water rise?
小提示:
浸入水中的砖会排开与自身同体积的水。
The submerged brick pushes the water up by its own volume
大提示:
上升高度 满足 。
The rise satisfies
解答:
砖的体积为 立方厘米。
若水面上升 厘米,增加的水体积为 立方厘米。
令二者相等,得 ,所以 。
所以正确答案是 D。
The brick has volume cubic centimeters.
If the water rises by centimeters, the added volume is cubic centimeters.
Setting these equal gives so
Thus, the correct answer is D.
4.
两个连续奇整数中较大的一个是较小的三倍。它们的和是多少?
The larger of two consecutive odd integers is three times the smaller. What is their sum?
答案:A
小提示:
设较小整数为 ,则较大整数为 。
Let the smaller integer be so the larger is
大提示:
解方程 。
Solve
解答:
设较小整数为 ,则较大整数为 ,并且 因此 。
两个整数为 和 ,和为 。
所以正确答案是 A。
Let the smaller integer be Then the larger is and so
The two integers are and and their sum is
Thus, the correct answer is A.
5.
学校商店出售 支铅笔和 本笔记本,共 。它也出售 支铅笔和 本笔记本,共 。 支铅笔和 本笔记本多少钱?
A school store sells pencils and notebooks for It also sells pencils and notebooks for How much do pencils and notebooks cost?
小提示:
用美分计算:设 为一支铅笔价格、 为一本笔记本价格,得到 和 。
Work in cents: let be a pencil and a notebook, giving and
大提示:
解出 和 ,再计算 。
Solve for and then evaluate
解答:
设 和 分别为一支铅笔和一本笔记本的价格,单位为美分。
解这个方程组,得到 和 。
所以 支铅笔和 本笔记本共需 美分,即 。
所以正确答案是 B。
Let and be the prices in cents of a pencil and a notebook. Then
Solving this system gives and
So pencils and notebooks cost cents, or
Thus, the correct answer is B.
6.
在 Euclid 高中,参加 AMC 的学生数在 年为 , 年为 , 年为 , 年为 , 年为 , 年为 。哪两个连续年份之间的百分比增长最大?
At Euclid High School, the number of students taking the AMC was in in in in in and is in Between what two consecutive years was there the largest percentage increase?
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和
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小提示:
百分比增长等于增长量除以前一年的数量。
Percentage increase equals the increase divided by the earlier value
大提示:
用共同基准或交叉相乘比较五个增长率。
Compare all five fractional increases using a common benchmark or cross-multiplication
解答:
从 到 ,增长为
其他增长率为 、、、,都小于 。
所以最大百分比增长发生在 和 之间。
所以正确答案是 A。
From to the increase is
The other increases are and each less than
So the largest percentage increase was between and
Thus, the correct answer is A.
7.
去年 John Q. Public 先生收到一笔遗产。他对这笔遗产支付了 的联邦税,又对剩下的钱支付了 的州税。两种税合计为 。这笔遗产是多少美元?
Last year Mr. John Q. Public received an inheritance. He paid in federal taxes on the inheritance, and paid of what he had left in state taxes. He paid a total of for both taxes. How many dollars was the inheritance?
小提示:
联邦税后,遗产还剩 。
After federal tax, of the inheritance remains
大提示:
州税是这 的 ,所以总税额是遗产的 。
The state tax is of that so the total tax is of the inheritance
解答:
联邦税后,Public 先生保留遗产的 。
州税取这部分的 ,即遗产的 。
总税额为遗产的 ,所以遗产为
所以正确答案是 D。
After federal taxes, Mr. Public keeps of his inheritance.
State taxes take of that, which is of the inheritance.
The total tax is of the inheritance, so the inheritance is
Thus, the correct answer is D.
8.
三角形 和 都是等腰三角形,其中 ,且 。点 在 内部,,且 。 的度数是多少?
Triangles and are isosceles with and Point is inside and What is the degree measure of
9.
10.
Dunbar 家庭由母亲、父亲和若干孩子组成。全家成员的平均年龄为 ,父亲 岁,母亲和孩子们的平均年龄为 。这个家庭有多少个孩子?
The Dunbar family consists of a mother, a father, and some children. The average age of the members of the family is the father is years old, and the average age of the mother and children is How many children are in the family?
小提示:
设孩子数为 ,则全家共有 人。
Let be the number of children; the family has members
大提示:
全家总年龄为 ;去掉父亲后,其余人的总年龄为 。
The total age is removing the father leaves
解答:
设孩子数为 ,全家总年龄为 。
则 ,且 。
这给出 和 ,所以 。
因此 ,所以 。
所以正确答案是 E。
Let be the number of children and the total age of the family.
Then and
These give and so
Hence and
Thus, the correct answer is E.
11.
将 到 的数字放在一个立方体的顶点上,使每个面上四个数字之和相同。这个共同和是多少?
The numbers from to are placed at the vertices of a cube in such a manner that the sum of the four numbers on each face is the same. What is this common sum?
小提示:
立方体每个顶点恰好在三个面上。
Each vertex of a cube lies on exactly three faces
大提示:
将六个面的和相加,会把每个顶点数计算 次:。
Adding all six face sums counts each vertex times:
解答:
每个顶点恰好属于三个面,所以把六个面的数字和加起来得到
共有六个面,所以共同和为 。
所以正确答案是 C。
Each vertex belongs to exactly three faces, so summing the numbers over all six faces gives
There are six faces, so the common sum is
Thus, the correct answer is C.
12.
两名导游带领六名游客。导游决定分开行动。每名游客必须选择其中一名导游,但每名导游至少要带一名游客。导游和游客的不同分组共有多少种?
Two tour guides are leading six tourists. The guides decide to split up. Each tourist must choose one of the guides, but with the stipulation that each guide must take at least one tourist. How many different groupings of guides and tourists are possible?
小提示:
六名游客各自独立选择两名导游之一。
Each of the six tourists independently picks one of the two guides
大提示:
减去某名导游没有游客的两种安排。
Subtract the two arrangements in which a guide ends up with no tourists
解答:
每名游客独立选择两名导游之一,共有 种安排。
其中恰好有两种安排会让某名导游没有游客,所以答案为 。
所以正确答案是 D。
Each tourist independently chooses one of the two guides, giving arrangements.
Exactly two of these leave a guide with no tourists, so the answer is
Thus, the correct answer is D.
13.
Yan 位于家和体育场之间。要到体育场,他可以直接走到体育场;也可以先走回家,再骑自行车到体育场。他骑车速度是步行速度的 倍,且两种选择所需时间相同。Yan 到家的距离与到体育场的距离之比是多少?
Yan is somewhere between his home and the stadium. To get to the stadium he can walk directly to the stadium, or else he can walk home and then ride his bicycle to the stadium. He rides times as fast as he walks, and both choices require the same amount of time. What is the ratio of Yan’s distance from his home to his distance from the stadium?
小提示:
设他到家的距离为 ,到体育场的距离为 ,步行速度为 。
Let be his distance from home and his distance from the stadium, with walking speed
大提示:
令两种走法的用时相等:。
Set the times equal:
解答:
设 Yan 到家的距离和到体育场的距离分别为 和 ,步行速度为 。
直接步行到体育场需要 。走回家再骑车需要 。
令二者相等,得 ,所以 ,从而 。
所以正确答案是 B。
Let and be Yan’s distances from home and from the stadium, and let be his walking speed.
Walking to the stadium takes Walking home and biking takes
Setting these equal gives so and
Thus, the correct answer is B.
14.
一个边长比为 的三角形内接于半径为 的圆。这个三角形的面积是多少?
A triangle with side lengths in the ratio is inscribed in a circle of radius What is the area of the triangle?
小提示:
边长比为 的三角形是直角三角形,所以最长边是圆的直径。
A triangle is right-angled, so its longest side is a diameter
大提示:
若三边为 ,则斜边 等于直径 。
With sides the hypotenuse equals the diameter
解答:
设三边为 。
这个三角形是直角三角形,所以斜边为圆的直径。因此 ,得到 。
面积为
所以正确答案是 A。
Let the sides be The triangle is right-angled, so its hypotenuse is a diameter.
Thus giving
The area is
Thus, the correct answer is A.
15.
如图,四个半径为 的圆各自与正方形的两条边相切,并且都与一个半径为 的圆外切。正方形的面积是多少?
Four circles of radius are each tangent to two sides of a square and externally tangent to a circle of radius as shown. What is the area of the square?
小提示:
连接大圆圆心与两个相邻小圆的圆心。
Connect the center of the large circle to the centers of two adjacent small circles
大提示:
这个三角形是等腰直角三角形,直角边为 ,所以斜边为 。
That triangle is isosceles right with legs so its hypotenuse is
解答:
考虑连接半径 的圆心和两个相邻小圆圆心形成的等腰直角三角形。它的两条直角边长为 ,所以斜边为 。
正方形边长比这条斜边多 (两端各一个小圆半径),所以 。
面积为
所以正确答案是 B。
Consider the isosceles right triangle joining the center of the radius- circle to the centers of two adjacent small circles. Its legs have length so its hypotenuse is
The side of the square exceeds this hypotenuse by (one radius on each end), so
The area is
Thus, the correct answer is B.
16.
整数 ,, 和 不要求互不相同,分别独立地从 到 (含端点)中随机选择。 为偶数的概率是多少?
Integers and not necessarily distinct, are chosen independently and at random from to inclusive. What is the probability that is even?
小提示:
为偶数当且仅当 和 奇偶性相同。
is even exactly when and have the same parity
大提示:
一个乘积为奇数仅当两个因数都为奇数,概率为 。
A product is odd only if both factors are odd, which happens with probability
解答:
从 到 的整数中一半为奇数,所以 为奇数的概率为 ,为偶数的概率为 。 也是如此。
为偶数当两个乘积奇偶性相同:
所以正确答案是 E。
Half the integers from to are odd, so each of and is odd with probability and even with probability
The difference is even when both products have the same parity:
Thus, the correct answer is E.
17.
设 和 是正整数,且 。 的最小可能值是多少?
Suppose that and are positive integers such that What is the minimum possible value of
小提示:
在完全立方数中,每个质数的指数都是 的倍数。
In a perfect cube, every prime’s exponent is a multiple of
大提示:
因为 ,找最小的 ,使所有指数都变为 的倍数。
Since find the smallest making all exponents multiples of
解答:
因为 ,每个质因数的指数都必须是三的倍数。
最小这样的 是 ,此时 ,所以 。
因此 。
所以正确答案是 D。
Since every prime factor must occur a multiple of three times.
The smallest such is giving and
Then
Thus, the correct answer is D.
18.
如图,考虑 边形 ,每条边长为 ,且每两条相邻边成直角。设 与 交于 。四边形 的面积是多少?
Consider the -sided polygon as shown. Each of its sides has length and each two consecutive sides form a right angle. Suppose that and meet at What is the area of quadrilateral
小提示:
利用边长 将这个十字形放在坐标平面上。
Place the cross on coordinates using the side length
大提示:
求出直线 和 的交点 ,再对 使用鞋带公式。
Find as the intersection of lines and then apply the shoelace formula to
解答:
将图形放在坐标系中,取 、、、、。
直线 为 ,直线 为 。
它们的交点为 。
对 使用鞋带公式,面积为
所以正确答案是 C。
Put the figure on coordinates with and
Line is and line is
Their intersection is
Applying the shoelace formula to gives
Thus, the correct answer is C.
19.
如图,一把画刷沿正方形的两条对角线扫过,形成对称的涂色区域。正方形面积的一半被涂色。正方形边长与画刷宽度之比是多少?
A paint brush is swept along both diagonals of a square to produce the symmetric painted area, as shown. Half the area of the square is painted. What is the ratio of the side length of the square to the brush width?
小提示:
四个未涂色角区域是全等的等腰直角三角形,总面积为正方形的一半。
The four unpainted corner regions are congruent isosceles right triangles totaling half the square
大提示:
每个三角形的直角边 ,且 等于半条对角线 。
Each triangle has leg and equals half the diagonal
解答:
设正方形边长为 ,画刷宽度为 ,一个未涂色等腰直角三角形的直角边为 。每个三角形面积为 ,所以 ,得到 。
直角边加上画刷宽度等于半条对角线:。因此 。
所以
所以正确答案是 C。
Let be the side, the brush width, and the leg of one unpainted isosceles right triangle. Each triangle has area so and
The leg plus the brush width is half the diagonal: Thus
Therefore
Thus, the correct answer is C.
20.
设数 满足方程 。求 的值。
Suppose that the number satisfies the equation What is the value of
21.
一个球内切于表面积为 平方米的立方体。再将第二个立方体内接于这个球。内部立方体的表面积是多少平方米?
A sphere is inscribed in a cube that has a surface area of square meters. A second cube is then inscribed within the sphere. What is the surface area in square meters of the inner cube?
小提示:
球的直径等于外部立方体的边长,也等于内部立方体的空间对角线。
The sphere’s diameter equals the outer cube’s side and the inner cube’s space diagonal
大提示:
若内部立方体边长为 ,则空间对角线为 。
For inner cube side the space diagonal is
解答:
外部立方体每个面的面积为 ,所以边长为 ,球的直径为 。
这个直径是内部立方体的空间对角线,所以 ,得到 。
内部立方体表面积为 。
所以正确答案是 C。
Each face of the outer cube has area so its side is and the sphere has diameter
This diameter is the space diagonal of the inner cube, so giving
The inner cube’s surface area is
Thus, the correct answer is C.
22.
一个有限的三位整数数列具有如下性质:每一项的十位和个位数字分别是下一项的百位和十位数字;最后一项的十位和个位数字分别是第一项的百位和十位数字。例如,这样的数列可能以 , 和 开头,并以 结尾。设 为数列中所有项的和。总是整除 的最大质数是多少?
A finite sequence of three-digit integers has the property that the tens and units digits of each term are, respectively, the hundreds and tens digits of the next term, and the tens and units digits of the last term are, respectively, the hundreds and tens digits of the first term. For example, such a sequence might begin with terms and and end with the term Let be the sum of all the terms in the sequence. What is the largest prime number that always divides
小提示:
由于循环移位,每个数字在百位、十位和个位上出现的总次数相同。
Because of the cyclic shifting, each digit spends equal time in the hundreds, tens, and units places
大提示:
因此 ,其中 是整数,且 。
So for some integer and
解答:
在整个数列中,每个数字作为百位、十位、个位出现的次数相同。
若 是所有项个位数字之和,则 ,所以 总能被 整除。
数列 、、 给出 ,没有更大的质因数被强制整除,所以答案是 。
所以正确答案是 D。
Each digit appears as a hundreds digit, a tens digit, and a units digit the same number of times across the sequence.
If is the sum of the units digits of all terms, then so is always divisible by
The sequence gives which has no larger prime factor forced, so is the answer.
Thus, the correct answer is D.
23.
有多少个正整数有序对 满足 ,且它们的平方差为 ?
How many ordered pairs of positive integers, with have the property that their squares differ by
小提示:
将平方差写成 。
Write
大提示:
和 奇偶性相同,所以二者都必须是偶数。
and have the same parity, so both must be even
解答:
因数 和 的奇偶性相同。因为它们的乘积是 ,所以不可能都是奇数,只能都是偶数。
偶数因数对为 、、 和 ,对应 、、 和 。
所以共有 个有序对。
所以正确答案是 B。
The factors and have the same parity. Since their product is they cannot both be odd, so both must be even.
The even factor pairs are and giving and
So there are ordered pairs.
Thus, the correct answer is B.
24.
如图,以 和 为圆心的圆半径均为 ,点 是 的中点,且 。线段 和 分别与以 和 为圆心的圆相切, 是一条公切线。阴影区域 的面积是多少?
Circles centered at and each have radius as shown. Point is the midpoint of and Segments and are tangent to the circles centered at and respectively, and is a common tangent. What is the area of the shaded region
小提示:
该区域等于矩形 去掉两个直角三角形和两个圆扇形。
The region is rectangle with two right triangles and two circular sectors removed
大提示:
每个由切点形成的三角形都是直角边为 的等腰直角三角形;每个扇形的圆心角为 、半径为 。
Each triangle formed by tangency is isosceles right with legs each sector has a angle and radius
解答:
矩形 面积为 。
直角三角形 和 的斜边均为 ,且一条直角边为 ,所以每个都是面积为 的等腰直角三角形。
角 和 都是 ,所以扇形 和 的面积各为 。
阴影面积为
所以正确答案是 B。
Rectangle has area
Right triangles and each have hypotenuse and a leg of so each is isosceles right with area
Angles and are each so sectors and each have area
The shaded area is
Thus, the correct answer is B.
25.
对每个正整数 ,令 表示 的各位数字之和。有多少个 满足 ?
For each positive integer let denote the sum of the digits of For how many values of is
小提示:
对 ,有 且 ,所以 。
For and so
大提示:
、、 模 同余,而 是 的倍数。
and are all congruent modulo and is a multiple of
解答:
若 ,则 ,且 ,所以 。
因为 、、 模 都同余,且 是 的倍数,所以它们都必须是 的倍数。
检查 到 之间的 的倍数,满足条件的是 、、、。
所以共有 个 。
所以正确答案是 D。
If then and so
Since and all leave the same remainder modulo and is a multiple of each must be a multiple of
Checking the multiples of between and the condition holds for and
So there are values of
Thus, the correct answer is D.