2021 AMC 10A Spring Problem 17

Attempt Problem 17 of the 2021 AMC 10A Spring below, then check your answer against the video solution and professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2021 AMC 10A Spring solutions, or check the answer key.

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17.

Trapezoid ABCDABCD has ABCD,BC=CD=43,\overline{AB}\parallel\overline{CD},BC=CD=43, and ADBD.\overline{AD}\perp\overline{BD}. Let OO be the intersection of the diagonals AC\overline{AC} and BD,\overline{BD}, and let PP be the midpoint of BD.\overline{BD}.

Given that OP=11,OP=11, the length of ADAD can be written in the form mn,m\sqrt{n}, where mm and nn are positive integers and nn is not divisible by the square of any prime. What is m+n?m+n?

6565

132132

157157

194194

215215

Answer: D
Concepts:trapezoidsimilarityPythagorean Theorem
Difficulty rating: 1950
Video solution:
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Written solution:

Because BC=CD,BC=CD, the median from CC to BDBD is perpendicular to BD.BD. Thus BPC\triangle BPC is a right triangle. Let DBC=α.\angle DBC=\alpha. Since ABCD,AB\parallel CD, we also have ABD=α,\angle ABD=\alpha, so BPCBDA.\triangle BPC\sim\triangle BDA.

Since PP is the midpoint of BD,BD, we have BD/BP=2.BD/BP=2. In the similarity, BCBC corresponds to AB,AB, so

ABBC=2,AB=243=86. \begin{aligned} \frac{AB}{BC} &=2, \\ AB &=2\cdot43=86. \end{aligned}

Also, ABOCDO,\triangle ABO\sim\triangle CDO, so

BOOD=ABCD=2.\frac{BO}{OD}=\frac{AB}{CD}=2.

Since OP=11OP=11 and PP is the midpoint of BD,BD, write BP=PD=t.BP=PD=t. Then BO=t+11BO=t+11 and OD=t11,OD=t-11, so

t+11t11=2.\frac{t+11}{t-11}=2.

This gives t=33,t=33, hence BD=66.BD=66. Finally, ABD\triangle ABD is right, so

AD=AB2BD2=862662=4190. \begin{aligned} AD &= \sqrt{AB^2-BD^2} \\ &= \sqrt{86^2-66^2} \\ &= 4\sqrt{190}. \end{aligned}

Thus m+n=4+190=194.m+n=4+190=194.

Thus, D is the correct answer.

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