2024 AIME II Problem 10

Below is the professionally curated solution for Problem 10 of the 2024 AIME II, from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2024 AIME II solutions, or check the answer key.

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Concepts:incircle, incenter, and inradiuscircumcircle, circumcenter, and circumradiustrigonometry

Difficulty rating: 3060

10.

Let ABC\triangle ABC have incenter I,I, circumcenter O,O, inradius 6,6, and circumradius 13.13. Suppose that IAOI.\overline{IA} \perp \overline{OI}. Find ABAC.AB \cdot AC.

Solution:

Since OIA=90,\angle OIA = 90^\circ, the Pythagorean theorem in triangle OIAOIA gives IA2=OA2OI2=R2OI2,IA^2 = OA^2 - OI^2 = R^2 - OI^2, and Euler's formula OI2=R22RrOI^2 = R^2 - 2Rr yields IA2=2Rr=2136=156.IA^2 = 2Rr = 2 \cdot 13 \cdot 6 = 156. Combining with IA=rsin(A/2)IA = \frac{r}{\sin(A/2)} gives sin2A2=36156=313,\sin^2\frac{A}{2} = \frac{36}{156} = \frac{3}{13}, so cos2A2=1013.\cos^2\frac{A}{2} = \frac{10}{13}.

Then sinA=2sinA2cosA2=23013,\sin A = 2 \sin\frac{A}{2}\cos\frac{A}{2} = \frac{2\sqrt{30}}{13}, so a=BC=2RsinA=430,a = BC = 2R \sin A = 4\sqrt{30}, while sa=rcotA2=6103=230.s - a = r \cot\frac{A}{2} = 6\sqrt{\frac{10}{3}} = 2\sqrt{30}. Hence the semiperimeter is s=630.s = 6\sqrt{30}.

Equating the two area formulas [ABC]=rs=12bcsinA,[ABC] = rs = \frac{1}{2}\, bc \sin A, bc=2rssinA=26630230/13=3613=468.bc = \frac{2rs}{\sin A} = \frac{2 \cdot 6 \cdot 6\sqrt{30}}{2\sqrt{30}/13} = 36 \cdot 13 = 468.

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