2013 AIME I Problem 5

Below is the professionally curated solution for Problem 5 of the 2013 AIME I, from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2013 AIME I solutions, or check the answer key.

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Concepts:polynomialrationalizing denominatoralgebraic manipulation

Difficulty rating: 2400

5.

The real root of the equation 8x33x23x1=08x^3 - 3x^2 - 3x - 1 = 0 can be written in the form a3+b3+1c,\frac{\sqrt[3]{a} + \sqrt[3]{b} + 1}{c}, where a,a, b,b, and cc are positive integers. Find a+b+c.a + b + c.

Solution:

Rewrite the equation as 9x3=x3+3x2+3x+1=(x+1)3.9x^3 = x^3 + 3x^2 + 3x + 1 = (x + 1)^3. Taking real cube roots, 93x=x+1,\sqrt[3]{9}\,x = x + 1, so x=1931.x = \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{9} - 1}.

Multiply numerator and denominator by 813+93+1;\sqrt[3]{81} + \sqrt[3]{9} + 1; the denominator becomes (93)31=8,(\sqrt[3]{9})^3 - 1 = 8, so x=813+93+18.x = \frac{\sqrt[3]{81} + \sqrt[3]{9} + 1}{8}. Thus a+b+c=81+9+8=98.a + b + c = 81 + 9 + 8 = 98.

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