2001 AIME II Problem 15

Below is the professionally curated solution for Problem 15 of the 2001 AIME II, from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2001 AIME II solutions, or check the answer key.

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Concepts:cube geometrycoordinate geometrysurface area

Difficulty rating: 3370

15.

Let EFGH,EFGH, EFDC,EFDC, and EHBCEHBC be three adjacent square faces of a cube, for which EC=8,EC = 8, and let AA be the eighth vertex of the cube. Let I,I, J,J, and KK be points on EF,\overline{EF}, EH,\overline{EH}, and EC,\overline{EC}, respectively, so that EI=EJ=EK=2.EI = EJ = EK = 2. A solid SS is obtained by drilling a tunnel through the cube. The sides of the tunnel are planes parallel to AE,\overline{AE}, and containing the edges IJ,\overline{IJ}, JK,\overline{JK}, and KI.\overline{KI}. The surface area of S,S, including the walls of the tunnel, is m+np,m + n\sqrt{p}, where m,m, n,n, and pp are positive integers and pp is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find m+n+p.m + n + p.

Solution:

Place A=(0,0,0)A = (0,0,0) and E=(8,8,8),E = (8,8,8), so that I=(6,8,8),I = (6,8,8), J=(8,6,8),J = (8,6,8), K=(8,8,6),K = (8,8,6), and AE\overline{AE} has direction (1,1,1).(1,1,1). The line through II in that direction leaves the cube at L=(0,2,2);L = (0,2,2); similarly JJ and KK lead to M=(2,0,2)M = (2,0,2) and N=(2,2,0).N = (2,2,0). The tunnel wall through II and JJ is the plane 2z=x+y+2,2z = x + y + 2, which also contains LL and MM and crosses the zz-axis at O=(0,0,1);O = (0,0,1); the other two walls behave symmetrically, crossing the yy- and xx-axes at (0,1,0)(0,1,0) and (1,0,0).(1,0,0).

Now add up the surface. Each of the three cube faces at EE loses a right triangle with legs 22 (such as IEJIEJ), leaving area 642=62.64 - 2 = 62. Each of the three faces at AA loses a quadrilateral of area 2:2: on the face z=0z = 0 its vertices are (0,0,0),(0,0,0), (1,0,0),(1,0,0), (2,2,0),(2,2,0), (0,1,0).(0,1,0). Each tunnel wall is a pentagon like ILOMJ:ILOMJ: the rectangle ILMJILMJ with IJ=22IJ = 2\sqrt{2} and IL=63IL = 6\sqrt{3} has area 126,12\sqrt{6}, and the isosceles triangle LOMLOM with base LM=22LM = 2\sqrt{2} and height 3\sqrt{3} adds 6,\sqrt{6}, for 13613\sqrt{6} per wall.

The total surface area is 662+3136=372+396,6 \cdot 62 + 3 \cdot 13\sqrt{6} = 372 + 39\sqrt{6}, so m+n+p=372+39+6=417.m + n + p = 372 + 39 + 6 = 417.

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