2024 AMC 8 第 15 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

15.

FFLLYYBBUUGG 表示互不相同的数字,并满足 假设 FLYFLY\text{FLYFLY} 是满足条件的最大数。求 FLY+BUG\text{FLY} + \text{BUG}8FLYFLY=BUGBUG. 8 \cdot \text{FLYFLY} = \text{BUGBUG}.

Let the letters F,F, L,L, Y,Y, B,B, U,U, GG represent distinct digits. Suppose FLYFLY\text{FLYFLY} is the greatest number that satisfies the equation 8FLYFLY=BUGBUG. 8 \cdot \text{FLYFLY} = \text{BUGBUG}. What is the value of FLY+BUG?\text{FLY} + \text{BUG}?

10891089

10981098

11071107

11161116

11251125

答案:C
知识点:数字谜位值最优化
难度评级:1540
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文字解答:

首先, 同理, 所以原方程可化为 8FLY=BUG8 \cdot \text{FLY} = \text{BUG}FLYFLY=1001(FLY)\text{FLYFLY} = 1001(\text{FLY}) BUGBUG=1001(BUG)\text{BUGBUG}=1001(\text{BUG})

为了让 BUG\text{BUG} 仍是三位数,FLY124\text{FLY}\le124 必须是 124124。此外,124124 必须小于 8124=9928\cdot124=992,否则会进位 22 到百位并让乘积变成 位数。为了最大化 ,取 为 。

接着确定 123123。目前 8123=9848\cdot123=984,所以要避免向十位进 1,2,3,9,8,41,2,3,9,8,4,必须有 123123。试 FLY\text{FLY} 时,数字不互异;试 时,可行。

因此 FLY+BUG=123+984=1107. \begin{gathered} \text{FLY} + \text{BUG} = 123 + 984 \\ = 1107. \end{gathered}

正确答案是 C

Firstly, note that FLYFLY=1001(FLY)\text{FLYFLY} = 1001(\text{FLY}) and, similarly, BUGBUG=1001(BUG)\text{BUGBUG}=1001(\text{BUG}) so the equation can be simplified to 8FLY=BUG.8 \cdot \text{FLY} = \text{BUG}.

Because BUG\text{BUG} has three digits, FLY124.\text{FLY}\le124. The largest possible three-digit number at most 124124 with distinct digits is 124,124, but 8124=9928\cdot124=992 repeats a digit and also reuses the digit 2.2.

The next candidate is 123,123, and 8123=984.8\cdot123=984. The six digits 1,2,3,9,8,41,2,3,9,8,4 are all distinct, so 123123 is the greatest possible value of FLY.\text{FLY}.

Hence, FLY+BUG=123+984=1107. \begin{gathered} \text{FLY} + \text{BUG} = 123 + 984 \\ = 1107. \end{gathered}

Thus, C is the correct answer.

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