2001 AMC 8 第 25 题

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25.

2424 个四位整数,每个都恰好使用数字 2,4,52, 4, 577 各一次。这些四位数中,只有一个是另一个的倍数。下列哪一个是这个倍数?

There are 2424 four-digit whole numbers that use each of the four digits 2,4,5,2, 4, 5, and 77 exactly once. Only one of these four-digit numbers is a multiple of another one. Which of the following is it?

57245724

72457245

72547254

74257425

75427542

答案:D
知识点:排列整除性分类讨论
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解答:

一个在 400040005000500070007000 范围内的数乘以 22 或更大的数后,不可能仍是这些四位排列之一。因此较小的数必须以 22 开头,较大的数必须是它的两倍或三倍。

对于两倍,只有以 44 结尾的选项可能。但 5724/2=28625724/2=28627254/2=36277254/2=3627,都没有恰好使用数字 2,4,5,72,4,5,7

对于三倍,可能的选项是能被 33 整除的 7245,7425,75427245,7425,7542。分别除以三得到 2415,2475,25142415,2475,2514,只有 24752475 恰好使用所需数字。

因此 7425=324757425=3\cdot2475 是唯一列出的倍数。

所以正确答案是 D

A number in the 40004000, 50005000, or 70007000 range cannot be multiplied by 22 or more and remain one of the given four-digit permutations. So the smaller number must start with 22, and the larger number must be either double or triple it.

For doubles, only answer choices ending in 44 can work. But 5724/2=28625724/2=2862 and 7254/2=36277254/2=3627, neither of which uses exactly the digits 2,4,5,72,4,5,7.

For triples, the possible answer choices are those divisible by 33: 7245,7425,75427245,7425,7542. Dividing gives 2415,2475,25142415,2475,2514, and only 24752475 uses exactly the required digits.

Therefore 7425=324757425=3\cdot2475 is the unique listed multiple.

Thus, D is the correct answer.

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