1991 AMC 8 Problem 5

Attempt Problem 5 of the 1991 AMC 8 below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 1991 AMC 8 solutions, or check the answer key.

All problems are used with official legal permission of the Mathematical Association of America (MAA).

5.

A “domino” is made up of two small squares:
. Which of the “checkerboards” illustrated below CANNOT be covered exactly and completely by a whole number of non-overlapping dominoes?
3×43 \times 4
3×53 \times 5
4×44 \times 4
4×54 \times 5
6×36 \times 3
Answer: B
Concepts:tilingparity
Small hint:
Each domino covers exactly two small squares, so focus on how many small squares each board has.
Big hint:
A board can be fully covered only if its total number of squares is even; find the number of squares in each board by multiplying its two dimensions.
Solution:
Every domino covers exactly 22 squares, so any board that is completely covered by non-overlapping dominoes must contain an even number of small squares.
Counting squares: 3×4=12,3 \times 4 = 12, 3×5=15,3 \times 5 = 15, 4×4=16,4 \times 4 = 16, 4×5=20,4 \times 5 = 20, and 6×3=18.6 \times 3 = 18. Only 3×5=153 \times 5 = 15 is odd, so that board cannot be covered. (Each of the even boards has a side of even length and is easily tiled with dominoes.)
Thus, the correct answer is B .
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