1987 AMC 8 Problem 21

Attempt Problem 21 of the 1987 AMC 8 below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 1987 AMC 8 solutions, or check the answer key.

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21.

Suppose nn^\ast means 1n,\dfrac1n, the reciprocal of n.n. For example, 5=15.5^\ast = \dfrac15. How many of the following four statements are true?

(i)3+6=9\mathrm{(i)}\quad 3^\ast + 6^\ast = 9^\ast

(ii)64=2\mathrm{(ii)}\quad 6^\ast - 4^\ast = 2^\ast

(iii)26=12\mathrm{(iii)}\quad 2^\ast \cdot 6^\ast = 12^\ast

(iv)10÷2=5\mathrm{(iv)}\quad 10^\ast \div 2^\ast = 5^\ast

00

11

22

33

44

Answer: C
Concepts:custom operationfraction
Difficulty rating: 1030
Small Hint:

Replace each nn^\ast with 1n\dfrac1n and test the two sides of each statement

Big Hint:

For (iv),\mathrm{(iv)}, 10÷2=110÷12=110210^\ast \div 2^\ast = \dfrac{1}{10} \div \dfrac12 = \dfrac{1}{10} \cdot 2

Solution:

(i)\mathrm{(i)} 13+16=12,\dfrac13 + \dfrac16 = \dfrac12, but 9=19,9^\ast = \dfrac19, so false. (ii)\mathrm{(ii)} 1614=112,\dfrac16 - \dfrac14 = -\dfrac{1}{12}, but 2=12,2^\ast = \dfrac12, so false.

(iii)\mathrm{(iii)} 1216=112=12,\dfrac12 \cdot \dfrac16 = \dfrac{1}{12} = 12^\ast, true. (iv)\mathrm{(iv)} 110÷12=15=5,\dfrac{1}{10} \div \dfrac12 = \dfrac15 = 5^\ast, true.

So exactly 22 of the statements are true.

Thus, the correct answer is C .

Problem 20#20
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