1985 AMC 8 Problem 24

Attempt Problem 24 of the 1985 AMC 8 below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 1985 AMC 8 solutions, or check the answer key.

All problems are used with official legal permission of the Mathematical Association of America (MAA).

24.

In a magic triangle, each of the six whole numbers 1010 through 1515 is placed in one of the circles so that the sum SS of the three numbers on each side of the triangle is the same. The largest possible value for SS is
3636
3737
3838
3939
4040
Answer: D
Concepts:magic squareoptimization
Small hint:
Adding the three side sums counts each corner number twice and each midpoint number once
Big hint:
Let CC be the sum of the corner numbers. Then 3S=75+C;3S = 75 + C; put the three largest numbers at the corners
Solution:
Let CC be the sum of the corner numbers. Adding the three side sums gives 3S=75+C,3S = 75 + C, because the six numbers sum to 7575 and every corner is counted one extra time. To maximize S,S, place the three largest numbers 13,13, 14,14, 1515 at the corners, giving C=42.C = 42.
Then 3S=75+42=117,3S = 75 + 42 = 117, so S=39.S = 39. This is achievable: put 1212 between corners 1313 and 14,14, put 1010 between 1414 and 15,15, and put 1111 between 1515 and 13.13.
Thus, the correct answer is D .
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