2021 AMC 12B Spring Problem 15

Attempt Problem 15 of the 2021 AMC 12B Spring below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2021 AMC 12B Spring solutions, or check the answer key.

All problems are used with official legal permission of the Mathematical Association of America (MAA).

15.

The figure is constructed from 1111 line segments, each of which has length 2.2. The area of pentagon ABCDEABCDE can be written as m+n,\sqrt m+\sqrt n, where mm and nn are positive integers. What is m+n?m+n?
2020
2121
2222
2323
2424
Answer: D
Concepts:circle geometrycoordinate geometryshoelace formula
Small hint:
Each interior point is distance 22 from three consecutive outer vertices, so it is their circumcenter
Big hint:
Since chords ABAB and BCBC have length equal to the radius 2,2, AC=23;AC=2\sqrt3; then use symmetric coordinates
Solution:
The right interior point is distance 22 from A,A, B,B, and C,C, so these three points lie on a circle of radius 2.2. Chords ABAB and BCBC also have length 2,2, so each subtends 60∘60^\circ at the center. Thus AC=23.AC=2\sqrt3. Similarly, the other half is its mirror image.
Put C=(−1,0),C=(-1,0), D=(1,0),D=(1,0), and A=(0,11);A=(0,\sqrt{11}); then AC=AD=23.AC=AD=2\sqrt3. The other intersection of the radius-22 circles centered at AA and CC is B=(−12−1123,112+123), B=\left(-\tfrac12-\tfrac{\sqrt{11}}{2\sqrt3}, \tfrac{\sqrt{11}}2+\tfrac{1}{2\sqrt3}\right), and EE is its reflection across the yy-axis.
Applying the shoelace formula to A,B,C,D,EA,B,C,D,E gives [ABCDE]=11+23,[ABCDE]=\sqrt{11}+2\sqrt3, which equals 11+12.\sqrt{11}+\sqrt{12}.
So m+n=11+12=23.m+n=11+12=23.
Thus, the correct answer is D.
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