2010 AMC 12A Problem 22

Attempt Problem 22 of the 2010 AMC 12A below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2010 AMC 12A solutions, or check the answer key.

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22.

What is the minimum value of f(x)=x1+2x1+3x1++119x1? \begin{gathered} f(x) = |x-1|+|2x-1| \\ {}+|3x-1|+\cdots+|119x-1|? \end{gathered}

4949

5050

5151

5252

5353

Answer: A
Concepts:absolute valueoptimizationsummation
Difficulty rating: 2000
Solution:

The function ff is piecewise linear with breakpoints at x=1k.x=\tfrac1k. On the interval [1m,1m1]\left[\tfrac1m,\tfrac1{m-1}\right] its slope is k=m119kk=1m1k=7140(m1)m, \begin{aligned} &\sum_{k=m}^{119}k \\ &\quad {}-\sum_{k=1}^{m-1}k=7140-(m-1)m, \end{aligned} where 7140=1191202.7140=\tfrac{119\cdot120}{2}.

This slope is zero when (m1)m=7140,(m-1)m=7140, i.e. m=85,m=85, so the minimum occurs at the right endpoint x=184.x=\tfrac1{84}.

There, terms with k84k\le84 contribute 84k84\tfrac{84-k}{84} and terms with k85k\ge85 contribute k8484,\tfrac{k-84}{84}, so f(184)=348684+63084=41.5+7.5=49. \begin{aligned} f\left(\tfrac1{84}\right) &= \frac{3486}{84}+\frac{630}{84} \\ &= 41.5+7.5=49. \end{aligned}

Thus, A is the correct answer.

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