2019 AMC 10B Problem 16

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16.

In ABC\triangle ABC with a right angle at C,C, point DD lies in the interior of AB\overline{AB} and point EE lies in the interior of BC\overline{BC} so that AC=CD,AC=CD, DE=EB,DE=EB, and the ratio AC:DE=4:3.AC:DE=4:3. What is the ratio AD:DB?AD:DB?

2:3 2:3

2:5 2:\sqrt{5}

1:1 1:1

3:5 3:\sqrt{5}

3:2 3:2

Answer: A
Concepts:angle chasingisosceles triangletrigonometry
Difficulty rating: 1890
Solution:

Scale the figure so that AC=CD=4AC=CD=4 and DE=EB=3DE=EB=3. Let A=BACA=\angle BAC and B=ABCB=\angle ABC, so A+B=90A+B=90^\circ.

The isosceles triangles ACDACD and DEBDEB give CDA=A\angle CDA=A and EDB=B\angle EDB=B. Because DADA and DBDB are opposite rays, CDE=180AB=90.\angle CDE=180^\circ-A-B=90^\circ. Therefore CE=42+32=5CE=\sqrt{4^2+3^2}=5, so BC=CE+EB=8BC=CE+EB=8 and tanA=BCAC=2\tan A=\frac{BC}{AC}=2.

The bases of the two isosceles triangles have lengths AD=8cosAAD=8\cos A and BD=6cosB=6sinABD=6\cos B=6\sin A. Hence ADBD=8cosA6sinA=43tanA=23.\frac{AD}{BD}=\frac{8\cos A}{6\sin A}=\frac{4}{3\tan A}=\frac23.

Thus, the answer is A .

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