2026 AIME I Problem 4

Attempt Problem 4 of the 2026 AIME I below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2026 AIME I solutions, or check the answer key.

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4.

Find the number of integers less than or equal to 100100 that are equal to a+b+aba + b + ab for some choice of distinct positive integers aa and b.b.

Answer: 70
Concepts:Simon’s Favorite Factoring Trickcomplementary countingprime
Difficulty rating: 2300
Small Hint:

Add 11 to both sides: a+b+ab+1=(a+1)(b+1)a + b + ab + 1 = (a+1)(b+1)

Big Hint:

So nn works exactly when n+1n + 1 is a product of two distinct factors, each at least 2;2; remove the primes and the squares of primes from 22 through 101101

Solution:

Since a+b+ab=(a+1)(b+1)1,a + b + ab = (a+1)(b+1) - 1, an integer nn is representable exactly when n+1=xyn + 1 = xy for distinct integers x=a+1x = a + 1 and y=b+1y = b + 1 that are each at least 2.2. So we count integers n+1n + 1 in {2,3,,101}\{2, 3, \ldots, 101\} that admit such a factorization.

A prime has no factorization into two factors that are both at least 2,2, and the square of a prime p2p^2 factors that way only as pp,p \cdot p, which is not allowed. Every other composite MM works: if pp is its smallest prime factor, then M=pMpM = p \cdot \frac{M}{p} with Mp>p\frac{M}{p} \gt p since M>p2.M \gt p^2. In {2,,101}\{2, \ldots, 101\} there are 2626 primes (the 2525 primes below 100,100, together with 101101) and 44 prime squares (4,4, 9,9, 25,25, 4949).

The count is 100264=70.100 - 26 - 4 = 70.

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