2024 AIME I Problem 7

Attempt Problem 7 of the 2024 AIME I below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2024 AIME I solutions, or check the answer key.

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7.

Find the largest possible real part of (75+117i)z+96+144iz(75 + 117\mathrm{i})z + \frac{96 + 144\mathrm{i}}{z} where zz is a complex number with z=4.|z| = 4. Here i=1.\mathrm{i} = \sqrt{-1}.

Answer: 540
Concepts:complex numbertrigonometric identityoptimization
Difficulty rating: 2410
Small Hint:

Write z=4(cosθ+isinθ)z = 4(\cos\theta + \mathrm{i}\sin\theta) and take the real part of each term

Big Hint:

You get an expression of the form acosθ+bsinθ,a\cos\theta + b\sin\theta, whose maximum is a2+b2\sqrt{a^2 + b^2}

Solution:

Write z=4(cosθ+isinθ),z = 4(\cos\theta + \mathrm{i}\sin\theta), so 1z=14(cosθisinθ).\frac{1}{z} = \frac{1}{4}(\cos\theta - \mathrm{i}\sin\theta). The real part of (75+117i)z(75 + 117\mathrm{i})z is 4(75cosθ117sinθ)4(75\cos\theta - 117\sin\theta) =300cosθ468sinθ,= 300\cos\theta - 468\sin\theta, and the real part of (96+144i)14(cosθisinθ)(96 + 144\mathrm{i}) \cdot \frac{1}{4}(\cos\theta - \mathrm{i}\sin\theta) is 24cosθ+36sinθ.24\cos\theta + 36\sin\theta.

The total real part is 324cosθ432sinθ,324\cos\theta - 432\sin\theta, whose maximum over θ\theta is 3242+4322=10832+42=1085=540. \begin{aligned} &\sqrt{324^2 + 432^2} \\ &= 108\sqrt{3^2 + 4^2} \\ &= 108 \cdot 5 = 540. \end{aligned}

Problem 6#6
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