2020 AIME I Problem 3

Below is the professionally curated solution for Problem 3 of the 2020 AIME I, from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2020 AIME I solutions, or check the answer key.

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Concepts:number basedigitsbounding to limit cases

Difficulty rating: 2110

3.

A positive integer NN has base-eleven representation abc\underline{a}\,\underline{b}\,\underline{c} and base-eight representation 1bca,\underline{1}\,\underline{b}\,\underline{c}\,\underline{a}, where a,a, b,b, and cc represent (not necessarily distinct) digits. Find the least such NN expressed in base ten.

Solution:

Equating the two representations in base ten gives 121a+11b+c=512+64b+8c+a,121a + 11b + c = 512 + 64b + 8c + a, which simplifies to 120a=512+53b+7c.120a = 512 + 53b + 7c. All of a,a, b,b, cc are base-eight digits, so 0a,b,c70 \le a, b, c \le 7 (and a1a \ge 1 since it leads the base-eleven representation).

The right side is at least 512,512, so a5.a \ge 5. Since N=121a+11b+cN = 121a + 11b + c increases with a,a, try a=5:a = 5: then 53b+7c=88.53b + 7c = 88. Here b=0b = 0 gives 7c=88,7c = 88, impossible, and b2b \ge 2 overshoots, so b=1b = 1 and 7c=35,7c = 35, giving c=5.c = 5.

Thus N=1215+11+5=621,N = 121 \cdot 5 + 11 + 5 = 621, whose base-eight representation is 11551155 and base-eleven representation is 515,515, as required. The least such NN is 621.621.

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