2019 AIME I Problem 3

Attempt Problem 3 of the 2019 AIME I below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2019 AIME I solutions, or check the answer key.

All problems are used with official legal permission of the Mathematical Association of America (MAA).

3.

In △PQR,\triangle PQR, PR=15,PR = 15, QR=20,QR = 20, and PQ=25.PQ = 25. Points AA and BB lie on PQ‾,\overline{PQ}, points CC and DD lie on QR‾,\overline{QR}, and points EE and FF lie on PR‾,\overline{PR}, with PA=QB=QCPA = QB = QC =RD=RE=PF=5.= RD = RE = PF = 5. Find the area of hexagon ABCDEF.ABCDEF.

Answer: 120
Concepts:triangle areaarea decompositionright triangle
Difficulty rating: 2150
Small Hint:

Since 152+202=252,15^2 + 20^2 = 25^2, the triangle has a right angle at RR

Big Hint:

Subtract the three corner triangles from △PQR;\triangle PQR; each corner triangle has two sides of length 55 around a known angle, so its area is 12⋅25⋅sin⁡(angle)\frac{1}{2} \cdot 25 \cdot \sin(\text{angle})

Solution:

Since 152+202=252,15^2 + 20^2 = 25^2, the triangle is right-angled at R,R, and its area is 12⋅15⋅20=150.\frac{1}{2} \cdot 15 \cdot 20 = 150. Also sin⁡P=2025=45\sin P = \frac{20}{25} = \frac{4}{5} and sin⁡Q=1525=35.\sin Q = \frac{15}{25} = \frac{3}{5}.

The hexagon is the triangle minus three corner triangles, each with two sides of length 5:5: at P,P, area 12⋅5⋅5⋅45=10;\frac{1}{2} \cdot 5 \cdot 5 \cdot \frac{4}{5} = 10; at Q,Q, area 12⋅5⋅5⋅35=152;\frac{1}{2} \cdot 5 \cdot 5 \cdot \frac{3}{5} = \frac{15}{2}; at R,R, area 12⋅5⋅5=252.\frac{1}{2} \cdot 5 \cdot 5 = \frac{25}{2}.

Therefore the hexagon has area 150−10−152−252=120.150 - 10 - \frac{15}{2} - \frac{25}{2} = 120.

Problem 2#2
Full Exam

Problem 3 in Other Years