2013 AMC 8 第 21 题

先试着解答 2013 AMC 8 第 21 题,然后核对你的答案与视频与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2013 AMC 8 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

21.

萨曼莎住在城市公园西南角以西 22 个街区、以南 11 个街区的地方。
她的学校在城市公园东北角以东 22 个街区、以北 22 个街区的地方。上学日她先沿街骑车到城市公园的西南角,再走公园里的对角线小路到东北角,然后沿街骑车到学校。
如果她的路线尽可能短,她有多少种不同路线可走?
Samantha lives 22 blocks west and 11 block south of the southwest corner of City Park.
Her school is 22 blocks east and 22 blocks north of the northeast corner of City Park. On school days she bikes on streets to the southwest corner of City Park, then takes a diagonal path through the park to the northeast corner, and then bikes on streets to school.
If her route is as short as possible, how many different routes can she take?
33
66
99
1212
1818
答案:E
知识点:格路乘法原理
小提示:
分别统计进公园前和出公园后的最短街道路线路数
Count shortest street routes before and after the park separately.
大提示:
进公园前有 33 种,出公园后有 66 种
There are 33 ways before the park and 66 ways after it.
视频讲解:
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文字解答:
为了最快到达公园西南角,萨曼莎必须向东走 22 个街区、向北走 11 个街区,这些步骤可排列成 33 种方式。经过公园对角线小路后,她必须再向东走 22 个街区、向北走 22 个街区到学校,这些步骤可排列成 (42)=6\binom{4}{2}=6 种方式。
公园前后的选择相互独立,所以最短路线总数为 3⋅6=183\cdot6=18。
所以正确答案是 E。
To reach the southwest corner of the park as quickly as possible, Samantha must go 22 blocks east and 11 block north, which can be arranged in 33 ways. After the diagonal path through the park, she must go 22 blocks east and 22 blocks north to reach school, which can be arranged in (42)=6\binom{4}{2}=6 ways.
The choices before and after the park are independent, so the total number of shortest routes is 3⋅6=183\cdot6=18.
Thus, E is the correct answer.
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