1993 AMC 8 详解

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

1.

哪一对数的乘积不等于 3636

Which pair of numbers does not have a product equal to 36?36?

{4,9}\{-4, -9\}

{3,12}\{-3, -12\}

{12,72}\left\{\dfrac12, -72\right\}

{1,36}\{1, 36\}

{32,24}\left\{\dfrac32, 24\right\}

知识点:分数
难度评级:560
小提示:

把每一对中的两个数相乘,检查哪个乘积不是 3636

Multiply the two numbers in each pair and check which product is not 3636

大提示:

负数乘负数是正数;特别注意 12×(72)\dfrac12 \times (-72) 的符号

A negative times a negative is positive, so watch the signs of 12×(72)\dfrac12 \times (-72)

解答:

逐项检查:(4)(9)=36(-4)(-9) = 36(3)(12)=36(-3)(-12) = 3612×(72)=36\dfrac12 \times (-72) = -36(1)(36)=36(1)(36) = 36,且 32×24=36\dfrac32 \times 24 = 36

只有 12×(72)=36\dfrac12 \times (-72) = -36 不等于 3636

所以正确答案是 C

Checking each pair: (4)(9)=36,(-4)(-9) = 36, (3)(12)=36,(-3)(-12) = 36, 12×(72)=36,\dfrac12 \times (-72) = -36, (1)(36)=36,(1)(36) = 36, and 32×24=36.\dfrac32 \times 24 = 36.

Only 12×(72)=36\dfrac12 \times (-72) = -36 fails to equal 36.36.

Thus, the correct answer is C .

2.

分数 4984\dfrac{49}{84} 化为最简形式后,分子和分母之和是多少?

When the fraction 4984\dfrac{49}{84} is expressed in simplest form, then the sum of the numerator and the denominator will be

1111

1717

1919

3333

133133

难度评级:450
小提示:

找出 49498484 的最大公因数

Find the greatest common factor of 4949 and 8484

大提示:

49=7249 = 7^2,且 84=7×1284 = 7 \times 12,所以分子分母同除以 77

49=7249 = 7^2 and 84=7×12,84 = 7 \times 12, so divide both by 77

解答:

因为 49=7×749 = 7 \times 7,且 84=7×1284 = 7 \times 12,所以分数可约为 712\dfrac{7}{12}

分子和分母之和为 7+12=197 + 12 = 19

所以正确答案是 C

Since 49=7×749 = 7 \times 7 and 84=7×12,84 = 7 \times 12, the fraction reduces to 712.\dfrac{7}{12}.

The sum of numerator and denominator is 7+12=19.7 + 12 = 19.

Thus, the correct answer is C .

3.

下列哪个数的最大质因数最大?

Which of the following numbers has the largest prime factor?

3939

5151

7777

9191

121121

难度评级:660
小提示:

把每个数完全分解成质因数

Factor each number completely into primes

大提示:

比较每个分解式中的最大质数;注意 51=3×1751 = 3 \times 17

Compare the largest prime in each factorization; note 51=3×1751 = 3 \times 17

解答:

分解得:39=3×1339 = 3 \times 1351=3×1751 = 3 \times 1777=7×1177 = 7 \times 1191=7×1391 = 7 \times 13121=11×11121 = 11 \times 11

这些最大质因数中最大的是 1717,它是 5151 的因数。

所以正确答案是 B

Factoring: 39=3×13,39 = 3 \times 13, 51=3×17,51 = 3 \times 17, 77=7×11,77 = 7 \times 11, 91=7×13,91 = 7 \times 13, and 121=11×11.121 = 11 \times 11.

The largest prime factor among these is 17,17, which is a factor of 51.51.

Thus, the correct answer is B .

4.

1000×1993×0.1993×10=1000 \times 1993 \times 0.1993 \times 10 =

1.993×1031.993 \times 10^3

1993.19931993.1993

(199.3)2(199.3)^2

1,993,001.9931{,}993{,}001.993

(1993)2(1993)^2

知识点:位值指数
难度评级:730
小提示:

先把十的幂合并为 1000×10=100001000 \times 10 = 10000 这个乘积

Group the powers of ten: 1000×10=100001000 \times 10 = 10000

大提示:

10000×0.1993=199310000 \times 0.1993 = 1993,所以乘积为 1993×19931993 \times 1993

10000×0.1993=1993,10000 \times 0.1993 = 1993, so the product is 1993×19931993 \times 1993

解答:

重新分组为 (1000×10)(1000 \times 10) ×0.1993\times 0.1993 ×1993\times 1993 =10000= 10000 ×0.1993\times 0.1993 ×1993\times 1993

因为 10000×0.1993=199310000 \times 0.1993 = 1993,所以原乘积是 1993×1993=(1993)21993 \times 1993 = (1993)^2

所以正确答案是 E

Regroup as (1000×10)(1000 \times 10) ×0.1993\times 0.1993 ×1993\times 1993 =10000= 10000 ×0.1993\times 0.1993 ×1993.\times 1993.

Since 10000×0.1993=1993,10000 \times 0.1993 = 1993, the product is 1993×1993=(1993)2.1993 \times 1993 = (1993)^2.

Thus, the correct answer is E .

5.

下列哪个条形图可能表示所示扇形图中的数据?

Which one of the following bar graphs could represent the data from the circle graph shown?

难度评级:660
小提示:

判断圆中三个区域分别占整个圆的几分之几

Decide what fraction of the whole circle each of the three regions takes up

大提示:

每个涂色区域都是四分之一,未涂色区域是一半,所以三根条形高度的比例应为 1:1:21 : 1 : 2

Each shaded region is a quarter and the unshaded region is a half, so the three bars should have heights in the ratio 1:1:21 : 1 : 2

解答:

两个涂色区域各占圆的四分之一,未涂色区域占一半。所以三个数量的比例是 14:14:12\tfrac14 : \tfrac14 : \tfrac12,即 1:1:21 : 1 : 2

相应条形图必须有两个涂色条高度相等,白色条高度正好是它们的两倍。只有一个条形图符合这些条件。

所以正确答案是 C

The two shaded regions are each one quarter of the circle, and the unshaded region is one half. So the three quantities are in the ratio 14:14:12,\tfrac14 : \tfrac14 : \tfrac12, or 1:1:2.1 : 1 : 2.

A matching bar graph must have the two shaded bars equal in height and the unshaded bar exactly twice as tall. Only one bar graph has two equal shaded bars with the white bar double their height.

Thus, the correct answer is C .

6.

一罐汤可以供 33 个成人或 55 个儿童食用。如果有 55 罐汤并且已经供 1515 个儿童食用,那么剩下的汤可以供多少个成人食用?

A can of soup can feed 33 adults or 55 children. If there are 55 cans of soup and 1515 children are fed, then how many adults would the remaining soup feed?

55

66

77

88

1010

知识点:速率
难度评级:730
小提示:

1515 个儿童需要 15÷5=315 \div 5 = 3 罐汤,先求还剩多少罐

1515 children need 15÷5=315 \div 5 = 3 cans, so find how many cans remain

大提示:

每罐剩余的汤可以供 33 个成人食用

Each remaining can feeds 33 adults

解答:

1515 个儿童食用需要 15÷5=315 \div 5 = 3 罐汤,剩下 53=25 - 3 = 2 罐。

22 罐可以供 2×3=62 \times 3 = 6 个成人食用。

所以正确答案是 B

Feeding 1515 children uses 15÷5=315 \div 5 = 3 cans, leaving 53=25 - 3 = 2 cans.

Those 22 cans feed 2×3=62 \times 3 = 6 adults.

Thus, the correct answer is B .

7.

33+33+33=3^3 + 3^3 + 3^3 =

343^4

939^3

393^9

27327^3

3273^{27}

知识点:指数
难度评级:660
小提示:

三个 333^3 相加等于 3×333 \times 3^3

Adding three copies of 333^3 is the same as 3×333 \times 3^3

大提示:

3×33=31+33 \times 3^3 = 3^{1+3}

解答:

三个相同项相加,33+33+33=3×33=34=813^3 + 3^3 + 3^3 = 3 \times 3^3 = 3^4 = 81

所以正确答案是 A

Adding three equal terms, 33+33+33=3×33=34=81.3^3 + 3^3 + 3^3 = 3 \times 3^3 = 3^4 = 81.

Thus, the correct answer is A .

8.

为了控制血压,吉尔的祖母每隔一天服用半片药。如果一份药有 6060 片,那么这份药大约可以用多久?

To control her blood pressure, Jill’s grandmother takes one half of a pill every other day. If one supply of medicine contains 6060 pills, then the supply of medicine will last approximately

11 个月

11 month

44 个月

44 months

66 个月

66 months

88 个月

88 months

11

11 year

知识点:速率单位换算
难度评级:860
小提示:

每隔一天服用半片,意味着一整片药可以用 44

Half a pill every other day means one whole pill covers 44 days

大提示:

先求总天数,再用每月约 3030 天换算成月数

Find the total number of days, then convert to months using about 3030 days per month

解答:

她每两天服用半片,所以一片药可用 44 天。6060 片药可用 60×4=24060 \times 4 = 240 天。

按每月约 3030 天计算,约为 240÷30=8240 \div 30 = 8 个月。

所以正确答案是 D

She takes half a pill every two days, so one pill lasts 44 days. Then 6060 pills last 60×4=24060 \times 4 = 240 days.

At about 3030 days per month, that is roughly 240÷30=8240 \div 30 = 8 months.

Thus, the correct answer is D .

9.

运算 * 由下表定义:

123411234224133314244321\begin{array}{c|cccc} * & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\ \hline 1 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\ 2 & 2 & 4 & 1 & 3 \\ 3 & 3 & 1 & 4 & 2 \\ 4 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 1 \end{array}

例如 32=13 * 2 = 1。那么 (24)(13)=(2 * 4) * (1 * 3) =

Consider the operation * defined by the following table:

123411234224133314244321\begin{array}{c|cccc} * & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\ \hline 1 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\ 2 & 2 & 4 & 1 & 3 \\ 3 & 3 & 1 & 4 & 2 \\ 4 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 1 \end{array}

For example, 32=1.3 * 2 = 1. Then (24)(13)=(2 * 4) * (1 * 3) =

11

22

33

44

55

知识点:自定义运算
难度评级:730
小提示:

先算 242 * 4:从第 22 行第 44 列读取结果;再算 131 * 3:从第 11 行第 33 列读取结果

Read 242 * 4 from row 2,2, column 4,4, and 131 * 3 from row 1,1, column 33

大提示:

两个括号内的值都等于 33,所以再从表中计算 333 * 3

Both inner values equal 3,3, so compute 333 * 3 from the table

解答:

从表中读出 24=32 * 4 = 3,且 13=31 * 3 = 3

因此 (24)(13)=33=4(2 * 4) * (1 * 3) = 3 * 3 = 4

所以正确答案是 D

From the table, 24=32 * 4 = 3 and 13=3.1 * 3 = 3.

Then (24)(13)=33=4.(2 * 4) * (1 * 3) = 3 * 3 = 4.

Thus, the correct answer is D .

10.

这张折线图表示一张交易卡在 19931993 年的前 66 个月的价格。最大的月度价格下降发生在哪个月?

This line graph represents the price of a trading card during the first 66 months of 1993.1993. The greatest monthly drop in price occurred during which month?

一月

January

三月

March

四月

April

五月

May

六月

June

难度评级:660
小提示:

当折线从一个月到下一个月向下时就是下降;比较每次下降的幅度

A drop happens where the line goes down from one month to the next; measure how far it falls each time

大提示:

只比较向下的线段,找最陡的那一段

Compare only the downward segments and find the steepest one

解答:

月度变化为:一月从 $2.50$2.00\$2.50 \to \$2.00,下降 $0.50\$0.50;二月从 $2.00$4.00\$2.00 \to \$4.00,价格上升;三月从 $4.00$1.50\$4.00 \to \$1.50,下降 $2.50\$2.50;四月从 $1.50$4.50\$1.50 \to \$4.50,价格上升;五月从 $4.50$3.00\$4.50 \to \$3.00,下降 $1.50\$1.50;六月从 $3.00$1.00\$3.00 \to \$1.00,下降 $2.00\$2.00

最大下降是 $2.50\$2.50,发生在三月。

所以正确答案是 B

The price changes month to month are: January $2.50$2.00\$2.50 \to \$2.00 (drop $0.50\$0.50), February $2.00$4.00\$2.00 \to \$4.00 (rise), March $4.00$1.50\$4.00 \to \$1.50 (drop $2.50\$2.50), April $1.50$4.50\$1.50 \to \$4.50 (rise), May $4.50$3.00\$4.50 \to \$3.00 (drop $1.50\$1.50), and June $3.00$1.00\$3.00 \to \$1.00 (drop $2.00\$2.00).

The largest drop is $2.50,\$2.50, which occurred during March.

Thus, the correct answer is B .

11.

这张直方图表示 8181 名学生的考试分数。中位数落在哪个标号的区间中?

Consider this histogram of the scores for 8181 students taking a test. The median is in the interval labeled which value?

6060

6565

7070

7575

8080

难度评级:800
小提示:

8181 个分数按从低到高排列时,中位数是第 4141 个分数

With 8181 scores in order, the median is the middle one: the 4141st score counting from the lowest

大提示:

从左到右累加各柱的高度,直到累计人数第一次达到或超过 4141

Add the bar heights from left to right until the running total first reaches 4141

解答:

因为有 8181 名学生,中位数是从低到高数的第 4141 个分数。

从左往右累加柱高,累计人数为 1133771212181828284242\ldots。累计数第一次超过 4141 时位于标号 7070 的区间,其中包含第 2929 到第 4242 个分数。所以第 4141 个分数在标号 7070 的区间中。

所以正确答案是 C

Since 8181 students took the test, the median is the 4141st score counting up from the lowest.

Adding the bar heights from the left gives running totals 1,1, 3,3, 7,7, 12,12, 18,18, 28,28, 42,42, \ldots The total first passes 4141 at the interval labeled 70,70, which contains the 2929th through 4242nd scores. So the 4141st score lies in the interval labeled 70.70.

Thus, the correct answer is C .

12.

如果三个运算符 ++-×\times 各恰好使用一次,分别填入表达式

5x4x6x35 \, \underline{\phantom{x}} \, 4 \, \underline{\phantom{x}} \, 6 \, \underline{\phantom{x}} \, 3

的三个空格中,那么结果可能等于

If each of the three operation signs, +,+, ,-, ×,\times, is used exactly once in one of the blanks in the expression

5x4x6x35 \, \underline{\phantom{x}} \, 4 \, \underline{\phantom{x}} \, 6 \, \underline{\phantom{x}} \, 3

then the value of the result could equal

99

1010

1515

1616

1919

难度评级:890
小提示:

乘法先于加减法计算,所以 ×\times 放在哪里最重要

Multiplication happens before addition and subtraction, so where you place ×\times matters most

大提示:

逐一计算把 ++-×\times 填入三个空格的所有方式

Work through each way of assigning +,+, ,-, ×\times to the three blanks and compute the result

解答:

六种排列分别给出:5×4+63=235 \times 4 + 6 - 3 = 235×46+3=175 \times 4 - 6 + 3 = 175+4×63=265 + 4 \times 6 - 3 = 2654×6+3=165 - 4 \times 6 + 3 = -165+46×3=95 + 4 - 6 \times 3 = -9,以及 54+6×3=195 - 4 + 6 \times 3 = 19

选项中唯一可能的值是 1919

所以正确答案是 E

The six arrangements give 5×4+63=23,5 \times 4 + 6 - 3 = 23, 5×46+3=17,5 \times 4 - 6 + 3 = 17, 5+4×63=26,5 + 4 \times 6 - 3 = 26, 54×6+3=16,5 - 4 \times 6 + 3 = -16, 5+46×3=9,5 + 4 - 6 \times 3 = -9, and 54+6×3=19.5 - 4 + 6 \times 3 = 19.

The only value among the choices is 19.19.

Thus, the correct answer is E .

13.

单词 HELP 用宽 11 单位的笔画在一个 551515 的长方形标牌上画成阴影区域。每个字母宽 33 单位,字母之间间隔 11 单位,如图所示。标牌未涂色部分的面积是多少平方单位?

The word “HELP” in block letters is painted as a shaded region with strokes 11 unit wide on a 55 by 1515 rectangular sign. Each letter is 33 units wide with a 11-unit gap between letters, as shown. The area of the unshaded portion of the sign, in square units, is

3030

3232

3434

3636

3838

知识点:面积分割
难度评级:960
小提示:

整个标牌面积是 5×15=755 \times 15 = 75 平方单位

The whole sign is 5×15=755 \times 15 = 75 square units

大提示:

数出每个字母由多少个涂色单位正方形组成,再从 7575 中减去总涂色面积

Count the shaded unit squares making up each letter, then subtract the total from 7575

解答:

整个标牌面积为 5×15=755 \times 15 = 75 平方单位。数涂色单位方格可得 H=11H = 11E=11E = 11L=7L = 7P=10P = 10,涂色总面积为 11+11+7+10=3911 + 11 + 7 + 10 = 39

未涂色面积是 7539=3675 - 39 = 36

所以正确答案是 D

The full sign has area 5×15=755 \times 15 = 75 square units. Counting the shaded unit squares in each letter gives H=11,H = 11, E=11,E = 11, L=7,L = 7, and P=10,P = 10, for a shaded total of 11+11+7+10=39.11 + 11 + 7 + 10 = 39.

The unshaded area is 7539=36.75 - 39 = 36.

Thus, the correct answer is D .

14.

所示表格的九个方格要填入数字,使每一行和每一列都包含 112233 各一次。那么 A+B=A + B =

1XXX2AXXB\begin{array}{|c|c|c|} \hline 1 & \phantom{X} & \phantom{X} \\ \hline \phantom{X} & 2 & A \\ \hline \phantom{X} & \phantom{X} & B \\ \hline \end{array}

The nine squares in the table shown are to be filled so that every row and every column contains each of the numbers 1,1, 2,2, 3.3. Then A+B=A + B =

1XXX2AXXB\begin{array}{|c|c|c|} \hline 1 & \phantom{X} & \phantom{X} \\ \hline \phantom{X} & 2 & A \\ \hline \phantom{X} & \phantom{X} & B \\ \hline \end{array}

22

33

44

55

66

知识点:逻辑推理
难度评级:930
小提示:

每一行和每一列都必须恰好包含 112233 各一次

Each row and each column must contain 1,1, 2,2, 33 exactly once

大提示:

一旦某行或某列中有两个数确定,第三个数就被确定;逐步填表

Once two entries of a row or column are known, the third is forced; fill in step by step

解答:

填表使每行每列都有 112233:第一行变为 113322,第二行为 3322AA,第三行为 2211BB。第二行迫使 A=1A = 1,最后一列 2211BB 迫使 B=3B = 3

所以 A+B=1+3=4A + B = 1 + 3 = 4

所以正确答案是 C

Filling the grid so each row and column has 1,1, 2,2, 3,3, the top row becomes 1,1, 3,3, 2,2, the middle row 3,3, 2,2, A,A, and the bottom row 2,2, 1,1, B.B. The middle row forces A=1,A = 1, and the last column 2,2, 1,1, BB forces B=3.B = 3.

So A+B=1+3=4.A + B = 1 + 3 = 4.

Thus, the correct answer is C .

15.

四个数的算术平均数为 8585。如果其中最大的数是 9797,那么其余三个数的平均数是

The arithmetic mean (average) of four numbers is 85.85. If the largest of these numbers is 97,97, then the mean of the remaining three numbers is

81.081.0

82.782.7

83.083.0

84.084.0

84.384.3

知识点:平均数
难度评级:660
小提示:

四个数的和是 4×854 \times 85

The four numbers sum to 4×854 \times 85

大提示:

减去最大的数,再把剩下的和除以 33

Subtract the largest number, then divide the remaining sum by 33

解答:

四个数的和是 4×85=3404 \times 85 = 340,所以其余三个数的和是 34097=243340 - 97 = 243

它们的平均数是 243÷3=81243 \div 3 = 81

所以正确答案是 A

The four numbers sum to 4×85=340,4 \times 85 = 340, so the remaining three sum to 34097=243.340 - 97 = 243.

Their mean is 243÷3=81.243 \div 3 = 81.

Thus, the correct answer is A .

16.

下列表达式的值是多少?

11+12+13\cfrac{1}{1 + \cfrac{1}{2 + \cfrac{1}{3}}}

What is the value of the following expression?

11+12+13\cfrac{1}{1 + \cfrac{1}{2 + \cfrac{1}{3}}}

16\dfrac16

310\dfrac{3}{10}

710\dfrac{7}{10}

56\dfrac56

103\dfrac{10}{3}

知识点:连分数分数
难度评级:860
小提示:

从最里面开始:先化简 2+132 + \dfrac13

Work from the bottom up: first simplify 2+132 + \dfrac13

大提示:

然后 1+173=1+371 + \dfrac{1}{\frac{7}{3}} = 1 + \dfrac37,最后再取倒数

Then 1+173=1+37,1 + \dfrac{1}{\frac{7}{3}} = 1 + \dfrac37, and take the reciprocal

解答:

从里面开始,2+13=732 + \dfrac13 = \dfrac73,所以 173=37\dfrac{1}{\frac{7}{3}} = \dfrac37

接着 1+37=1071 + \dfrac37 = \dfrac{10}{7},整个表达式为 1107=710\dfrac{1}{\frac{10}{7}} = \dfrac{7}{10}

所以正确答案是 C

Starting inside, 2+13=73,2 + \dfrac13 = \dfrac73, so 173=37.\dfrac{1}{\frac{7}{3}} = \dfrac37.

Then 1+37=107,1 + \dfrac37 = \dfrac{10}{7}, and the whole expression is 1107=710.\dfrac{1}{\frac{10}{7}} = \dfrac{7}{10}.

Thus, the correct answer is C .

17.

从一张 2020 单位乘 3030 单位的长方形硬纸板上切去四个边长为 55 单位的角正方形,然后把四边折起形成一个无盖盒子。盒子内部表面积是多少平方单位?

Square corners, 55 units on a side, are removed from a 2020 unit by 3030 unit rectangular sheet of cardboard. The sides are then folded to form an open box. The surface area, in square units, of the interior of the box is

300300

500500

550550

600600

10001000

难度评级:980
小提示:

折叠不改变面积;内部表面积等于纸板面积减去四个角正方形

Folding does not change area; the interior surface equals the sheet minus the four corner squares

大提示:

原纸板面积是 20×3020 \times 30,再减去四个 5×55 \times 5 的角正方形

The sheet is 20×30;20 \times 30; subtract four 5×55 \times 5 corner squares

解答:

盒子内部表面正好是切去四角后纸板的一面。原纸板面积为 20×30=60020 \times 30 = 600,每个被切去的角面积为 5×5=255 \times 5 = 25

所以内部表面积是 6004×25=500600 - 4 \times 25 = 500

所以正确答案是 B

The interior surface is exactly one face of the cardboard after the corners are removed. The sheet has area 20×30=600,20 \times 30 = 600, and each removed corner has area 5×5=25.5 \times 5 = 25.

So the interior surface area is 6004×25=500.600 - 4 \times 25 = 500.

Thus, the correct answer is B .

18.

所示长方形中,长 AC=32AC = 32,宽 AE=20AE = 20,且 BBFF 分别是 AC\overline{AC}AE\overline{AE} 的中点。四边形 ABDFABDF 的面积是

The rectangle shown has length AC=32,AC = 32, width AE=20,AE = 20, and BB and FF are midpoints of AC\overline{AC} and AE,\overline{AE}, respectively. The area of the quadrilateral ABDFABDF is

320320

325325

330330

335335

340340

难度评级:1090
小提示:

长方形 ACDEACDE 的面积是 32×2032 \times 20;再减去 ABDFABDF 外面的部分

The rectangle ACDEACDE has area 32×20;32 \times 20; remove the parts outside ABDFABDF

大提示:

从整个长方形中减去三角形 BCDBCD 和三角形 DEFDEF

Subtract triangle BCDBCD and triangle DEFDEF from the full rectangle

解答:

长方形 ACDEACDE 面积为 32×20=64032 \times 20 = 640。三角形 BCDBCD 面积为 16×202=160\dfrac{16 \times 20}{2} = 160,三角形 DEFDEF 面积为 10×322=160\dfrac{10 \times 32}{2} = 160

剩下的四边形 ABDFABDF 面积为 640(160+160)=320640 - (160 + 160) = 320

所以正确答案是 A

Rectangle ACDEACDE has area 32×20=640.32 \times 20 = 640. Triangle BCDBCD has area 16×202=160,\dfrac{16 \times 20}{2} = 160, and triangle DEFDEF has area 10×322=160.\dfrac{10 \times 32}{2} = 160.

The remaining region ABDFABDF has area 640(160+160)=320.640 - (160 + 160) = 320.

Thus, the correct answer is A .

19.

下列表达式的值是多少?

(1901+1902+1903++1993)(101+102+103++193) \begin{gathered} \small (1901 + 1902 + 1903 + \cdots + 1993) \\ \small {}- (101 + 102 + 103 + \cdots + 193) \end{gathered}

What is the value of the following expression?

(1901+1902+1903++1993)(101+102+103++193) \begin{gathered} \small (1901 + 1902 + 1903 + \cdots + 1993) \\ \small {}- (101 + 102 + 103 + \cdots + 193) \end{gathered}

167,400167{,}400

172,050172{,}050

181,071181{,}071

199,300199{,}300

362,142362{,}142

难度评级:960
小提示:

把上面和下面的对应项配对:19011011901 - 10119021021902 - 102\ldots

Pair each term with the one below it: 1901101,1901 - 101, 1902102,1902 - 102, \ldots

大提示:

每一对的差都是 18001800,共有 9393

Each of the 9393 pairs has difference 18001800

解答:

第一个和中的每个数都比第二个和中对应的数大 18001800,并且共有 9393 对。

所以差为 93×1800=167,40093 \times 1800 = 167{,}400

所以正确答案是 A

Each number in the first sum is exactly 18001800 more than the matching number in the second sum, and there are 9393 such pairs.

So the difference is 93×1800=167,400.93 \times 1800 = 167{,}400.

Thus, the correct answer is A .

20.

10939310^{93} - 93 写成一个整数时,它的各位数字之和是多少?

When 10939310^{93} - 93 is expressed as a single whole number, the sum of the digits is

1010

9393

819819

826826

833833

知识点:位值数字
难度评级:1140
小提示:

109310^{93}11 后面跟着 9393 个零;减去 9393 只会改变右端

109310^{93} is a 11 followed by 9393 zeros; subtracting 9393 changes only the right end

大提示:

结果是一串九,最后以 0707 结尾;确定有多少个九

The result is a block of nines ending in 07;07; determine how many nines there are

解答:

109310^{93}11 后面跟 9393 个零)减去 9393,结果为 9191 个九后接 0707

数字和为 91×9+0+7=819+7=82691 \times 9 + 0 + 7 = 819 + 7 = 826

所以正确答案是 D

Subtracting 9393 from 109310^{93} (a 11 followed by 9393 zeros) gives a number that is 9191 nines followed by 07.07.

The digit sum is 91×9+0+7=819+7=826.91 \times 9 + 0 + 7 = 819 + 7 = 826.

Thus, the correct answer is D .

21.

如果一个长方形的长增加 20%20\%,宽增加 50%50\%,那么面积增加了

If the length of a rectangle is increased by 20%20\% and its width is increased by 50%,50\%, then the area is increased by

10%10\%

30%30\%

70%70\%

80%80\%

100%100\%

知识点:百分数
难度评级:820
小提示:

新面积 == 新长 ×\times 新宽 =1.2×1.5= 1.2 \times 1.5 倍的原面积

New area == (new length) ×\times (new width) =1.2×1.5= 1.2 \times 1.5 times the old area

大提示:

把两个增长因子 1.21.21.51.5 相乘,得到面积变成原来的多少倍

Multiply the two growth factors 1.21.2 and 1.51.5 to get the factor by which the area grows

解答:

新长是原长的 1.21.2 倍,新宽是原宽的 1.51.5 倍,所以新面积是原面积的 1.2×1.5=1.81.2 \times 1.5 = 1.8 倍。

这表示面积增加了 80%80\%

所以正确答案是 D

The new length is 1.21.2 times the old and the new width is 1.51.5 times the old, so the new area is 1.2×1.5=1.81.2 \times 1.5 = 1.8 times the old area.

That is an increase of 80%.80\%.

Thus, the correct answer is D .

22.

帕特·皮亚诺有很多 001133445566778899,但只有二十二个数字 22。他最多能用这些数字给剪贴簿页码编号到多少?

Pat Peano has plenty of 00’s, 11’s, 33’s, 44’s, 55’s, 66’s, 77’s, 88’s and 99’s, but he has only twenty-two 22’s. How far can he number the pages of his scrapbook with these digits?

2222

9999

112112

119119

199199

知识点:数字系统列举
难度评级:1200
小提示:

先数从第 11 页到第 9999 页一共用了多少个数字 22

Count how many 22’s appear when numbering pages 11 through 9999

大提示:

9999 为止,个位用了十个 22,十位上也用了十个;再追踪 100100 之后还会用到几个

Ten 22’s appear in the units place and ten in the tens place through 99;99; then track the remaining twos past 100100

解答:

编号 119999 时,个位出现十个 22,十位上也出现十个,共用掉二十个 22。页码 100100101101 一个也不用到。

剩下两个 22 用在页码 102102112112。之后 113113119119 不需要 22,但 120120 需要另一个 22。所以最多能编号到 119119

所以正确答案是 D

Numbering 11 through 9999 uses ten 22’s in the units place and ten in the tens place, a total of twenty 22’s. Pages 100100 and 101101 use none.

The remaining two 22’s are used on pages 102102 and 112.112. After that, pages 113113 through 119119 need no 2,2, but 120120 would require another 2,2, so he can number up to 119.119.

Thus, the correct answer is D .

23.

五名赛跑者 PPQQRRSSTT 比赛,且 PP 领先 QQPP 领先 RRQQ 领先 SS,并且 TTPP 之后、QQ 之前完成。谁不可能获得第三名?

Five runners, P,P, Q,Q, R,R, S,S, T,T, have a race, and PP beats Q,Q, PP beats R,R, QQ beats S,S, and TT finishes after PP and before Q.Q. Who could not have finished third in the race?

PPQQ

PP and QQ

PPRR

PP and RR

PPSS

PP and SS

PPTT

PP and TT

PPSSTT

P,P, SS and TT

知识点:逻辑推理
难度评级:1070
小提示:

PP 领先 QQRRTT,而 QQ 又领先 SS;据此判断 PP 的名次

PP finishes ahead of Q,Q, R,R, and T,T, while QQ finishes ahead of S;S; determine PP’s place

大提示:

如果某个选手前面必须有好几个人,那么他不可能排到第三

If several runners must all finish ahead of a given runner, that runner cannot be as high as third

解答:

因为 PP 领先 QQRR,也在 TT 之前,而 QQ 又领先 SS,所以 PP 第一,因此不可能第三。

条件还给出完赛先后链:PPTTQQSS 依次在前。所以 PPTTQQ 都在 SS 前,SS 最好也只能第四,不可能第三。

QQRRTT 都可能第三。例如,PPTTQQRRSS 使 QQ 第三;PPRRTTQQSS 使 TT 第三;PPTTRRQQSS 使 RR 第三。因此只有 PPSS 不可能第三。

所以正确答案是 C

Since PP beats QQ and R,R, finishes ahead of T,T, and QQ beats S,S, runner PP finishes first and so cannot be third.

The clues give the chain PP before TT before QQ before S.S. So P,P, T,T, and QQ all finish ahead of S,S, meaning SS is no better than fourth and cannot be third either.

Each of Q,Q, R,R, TT can finish third: for example P,P, T,T, Q,Q, R,R, SS puts QQ third; P,P, R,R, T,T, Q,Q, SS puts TT third; and P,P, T,T, R,R, Q,Q, SS puts RR third. So only PP and SS cannot be third.

Thus, the correct answer is C .

24.

在这个数字阵列中,哪个数在 142142 的正上方?

123456789101112\begin{array}{ccccccccc} & & & & 1 & & & & \\ & & & 2 & 3 & 4 & & & \\ & & 5 & 6 & 7 & 8 & 9 & & \\ & 10 & 11 & 12 & \cdots & & & & \end{array}

What number is directly above 142142 in this array of numbers?

123456789101112\begin{array}{ccccccccc} & & & & 1 & & & & \\ & & & 2 & 3 & 4 & & & \\ & & 5 & 6 & 7 & 8 & 9 & & \\ & 10 & 11 & 12 & \cdots & & & & \end{array}

9999

119119

120120

121121

122122

难度评级:1140
小提示:

nn 行以完全平方数 n2n^2 结尾

Each row ends at a perfect square: row nn ends at n2n^2

大提示:

142142 在以 144=122144 = 12^2 结尾的行中;上一行以 121=112121 = 11^2 结尾,并且各行右端对齐

142142 is in the row ending at 144=122;144 = 12^2; the row above ends at 121=112,121 = 11^2, and the rows line up at their right edges

解答:

每一行都以一个完全平方数结尾,所以含 142142 的那一行以 144=122144 = 12^2 结尾,上一行以 121=112121 = 11^2 结尾。

因为各行右端对齐,121121143143 的正上方,所以 120120142142 的正上方。

所以正确答案是 C

Each row ends at a perfect square, so the row containing 142142 ends at 144=122,144 = 12^2, and the row above it ends at 121=112.121 = 11^2.

Since the rows are aligned at their right edges, 121121 sits directly above 143,143, and therefore 120120 sits directly above 142.142.

Thus, the correct answer is C .

25.

一个棋盘由边长为一英寸的正方形组成。一张边长为 1.51.5 英寸的正方形卡片放在棋盘上,使它覆盖了 nn 个小正方形的部分或全部面积。nn 的最大可能值是

A checkerboard consists of one-inch squares. A square card, 1.51.5 inches on a side, is placed on the board so that it covers part or all of the area of each of nn squares. The maximum possible value of nn is

4455

44 or 55

6677

66 or 77

8899

88 or 99

10101111

1010 or 1111

1212 或更多

1212 or more

难度评级:1270
小提示:

倾斜放置的卡片可以跨过更多网格线;卡片对角线长为 1.52+1.52=4.52.1\sqrt{1.5^2 + 1.5^2} = \sqrt{4.5} \approx 2.1

A tilted card can cross more grid lines than a card lined up with the squares; the card’s diagonal has length 1.52+1.52=4.52.1\sqrt{1.5^2 + 1.5^2} = \sqrt{4.5} \approx 2.1

大提示:

试着把卡片旋转 4545^\circ,并让中心放在一个网格交点上,数每个角伸进了多少个小正方形

Try tilting the card 4545^\circ with its center on a grid corner, and count how many squares each corner of the card pokes into

解答:

如图所示,将卡片旋转 4545^\circ,并把中心放在四个棋盘小格相交的角点上。因为卡片对角线 1.52+1.52=4.52.1\sqrt{1.5^2 + 1.5^2} = \sqrt{4.5} \approx 2.1 大于 22,卡片的四个角都会越过网格线伸入下一格。

卡片覆盖中央的 2×22 \times 244 个小正方形,并且在四边各伸入另外 22 个小正方形,总共 4+4×2=124 + 4 \times 2 = 12 个。

这也是最大可能值。卡片边长只有 1.51.5 英寸,所以水平和竖直方向跨度都最多约 2.12.1 英寸,因此它位于一个 4×44 \times 4、共含 1616 格的方格块内。只有卡片的四个尖角能到达该方格块边缘,它不可能到达这个方格块的四个角格,所以最多覆盖 1212 个。既然 1212 可以达到,最大值就是 1212,属于“1212 或更多”。

所以正确答案是 E

Tilt the card 4545^\circ and center it on a corner where four grid squares meet, as shown. Because the card’s diagonal, 1.52+1.52=4.52.1,\sqrt{1.5^2 + 1.5^2} = \sqrt{4.5} \approx 2.1, is longer than 2,2, each of the four corners of the card reaches past a grid line into the next square.

The card covers the central 2×22 \times 2 block of 44 squares and pokes into 22 more squares on each of its four sides, giving 4+4×2=124 + 4 \times 2 = 12 squares.

This is also the most possible. The card is only 1.51.5 inches wide, so its overall width and height are each at most 2.12.1 inches; it therefore lies within a 4×44 \times 4 block of 1616 squares. Its four pointed corners are the only parts that reach the edge of that block, so it can never reach the four corner squares of the block, leaving at most 12.12. Since 1212 is achievable, the maximum is 12,12, which falls in the range “1212 or more.”

Thus, the correct answer is E .