1999 AMC 12 Problem 30

Attempt Problem 30 of the 1999 AMC 12 below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 1999 AMC 12 solutions, or check the answer key.

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30.

The number of ordered pairs of integers (m,n)(m, n) for which mn0mn \ge 0 and

m3+n3+99mn=333m^3 + n^3 + 99mn = 33^3

is equal to

22

33

3333

3535

9999

Answer: D
Concepts:factoringDiophantine Equation
Difficulty rating: 2460
Small Hint:

Since 99=333,99 = 3 \cdot 33, the equation is m3+n3+(33)3m^3 + n^3 + (-33)^3 3mn(33)=0- 3mn(-33) = 0

Big Hint:

Use x3+y3+z3x^3 + y^3 + z^3 3xyz=(x+y+z)- 3xyz = (x + y + z) (x2+y2+z2xyyzzx)\cdot (x^2 + y^2 + z^2 - xy - yz - zx)

Solution:

Writing z=33,z = -33, the equation becomes m3+n3+z33mnz=0,m^3 + n^3 + z^3 - 3mnz = 0, which factors as (m+n33)(m2+n2+332mn+33m+33n)=0. \begin{aligned} &(m + n - 33) \\ &\quad {}\cdot \scriptsize\left(m^2 + n^2 + 33^2 - mn + 33m + 33n\right) \\ &= 0. \end{aligned}

The second factor equals 12[(mn)2+(m+33)2+(n+33)2],\scriptsize\tfrac12\big[(m - n)^2 + (m + 33)^2 + (n + 33)^2\big], which is 00 only at (m,n)=(33,33);(m, n) = (-33, -33); this satisfies mn0.mn \ge 0.

Otherwise m+n=33.m + n = 33. With mn0mn \ge 0 both are nonnegative, giving (0,33),(1,32),,(33,0),(0, 33), (1, 32), \ldots, (33, 0), which is 3434 pairs. Together there are 3535 solutions.

Thus, the correct answer is D.

Problem 29#29
Full Exam

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