2021 AMC 10B Fall Problem 25

Below is the professionally curated solution for Problem 25 of the 2021 AMC 10B Fall, from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2021 AMC 10B Fall solutions, or check the answer key.

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Concepts:similaritysquare (geometry)quadratic

Difficulty rating: 2480

25.

A rectangle with side lengths 11 and 3,3, a square with side length 1,1, and a rectangle RR are inscribed inside a larger square as shown. The sum of all possible values for the area of RR can be written in the form mn,\tfrac mn, where mm and nn are relatively prime positive integers. What is m+n?m+n?

14 14

23 23

46 46

59 59

67 67

Solution:

Use similar triangles as shown in the diagram. The left side of the large square has length 4x+2y4x+2y, and the bottom side has length 3y+x3y+x. Since these are equal, 3y+x=4x+2y3y+x=4x+2y, so y=3xy=3x. The side length of the large square is therefore 10x10x.

In the upper part of the figure, let the marked horizontal segment be mm. The two right triangles formed by the sides of rectangle RR have parallel corresponding sides and equal hypotenuses, so they are congruent. This gives the lengths shown below.

Similar triangles give m3x=4xm36xm.\frac{m}{3x}=\frac{4x-\frac m3}{6x-m}. Hence 6xmm2=12x2xm6xm-m^2=12x^2-xm, so m27xm+12x2=0=(m3x)(m4x).m^2-7xm+12x^2=0=(m-3x)(m-4x).

If m=3xm=3x, rectangle RR has side length 32x3\sqrt2x in both directions, so its area is 18x218x^2. If m=4xm=4x, its side lengths are 5x5x and 103x\frac{10}{3}x, so its area is 503x2\frac{50}{3}x^2.

The two possible areas sum to 1043x2\frac{104}{3}x^2. Since the 1×31\times3 rectangle gives x2+(3x)2=1x^2+(3x)^2=1, we have x2=110x^2=\frac1{10}. The sum of the possible areas is 1043110=5215.\frac{104}{3}\cdot\frac1{10}=\frac{52}{15}.

Thus m+n=52+15=67m+n=52+15=67, and the answer is E .

Problem 25 in Other Years