2019 AMC 10B Problem 15

Attempt Problem 15 of the 2019 AMC 10B below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2019 AMC 10B solutions, or check the answer key.

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15.

Right triangles T1T_1 and T2T_2 have areas 11 and 22, respectively. A side of T1T_1 is congruent to a side of T2,T_2, and a different side of T1T_1 is congruent to a different side of T2.T_2. What is the square of the product of the lengths of the other (third) sides of T1T_1 and T2?T_2?

283 \dfrac{28}{3}

10 10

212 \dfrac{21}{2}

323 \dfrac{32}{3}

12 12

Answer: A
Concepts:right trianglePythagorean Theoremsystem of equations
Difficulty rating: 1820
Solution:

Let the two shared side lengths be aba\le b. Because the triangles have different areas, the shared sides cannot play the same roles in both triangles. Thus the area-22 triangle has legs aa and bb, while the area-11 triangle has leg aa, other leg b2a2\sqrt{b^2-a^2}, and hypotenuse bb.

The product of the two non-shared third sides is a2+b2b2a2\sqrt{a^2+b^2}\sqrt{b^2-a^2}, whose square is b4a4b^4-a^4.

Using the areas, ab2=2\dfrac{ab}{2}=2 and ab2a22=1\dfrac{a\sqrt{b^2-a^2}}{2}=1. Hence a2b2=16a^2b^2=16 and a2(b2a2)=4a^2(b^2-a^2)=4, so a4=12a^4=12. Then b4=25612=643b^4=\dfrac{256}{12}=\dfrac{64}{3}, and b4a4=283b^4-a^4=\dfrac{28}{3}. Thus, A is the correct answer.

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