Question

Quadrilateral $ABCD$ is inscribed in circle $O$ and has sides $AB=3,$ $BC=2,$ $CD=6,$ and $DA=8.$ Let $X$ and $Y$ be points on $BD$ such that $\dfrac{DX}{BD}=\dfrac{1}{4}$ and $\dfrac{BY}{BD}=\dfrac{11}{36}.$ Let $E$ be the intersection of line $AX$ and the line through $Y$ parallel to $AD.$ Let $F$ be the intersection of line $CX$ and the line through $E$ parallel to $AC.$ Let $G$ be the point on circle $O$ other than $C$ that lies on line $CX.$ What is $XF\cdot XG?$

$17$

$\dfrac{59-5\sqrt2}{3}$

$\dfrac{91-12\sqrt3}{4}$

$\dfrac{67-10\sqrt2}{3}$

$18$

Answer: A

Concepts:similarity power of a point law of cosines

Difficulty rating: 2520

Solution:

Because $YE\parallel AD$ and $EF\parallel AC,$ we get $\triangle XEY\sim\triangle XAD$ and $\triangle XEF\sim\triangle XAC,$ giving $\dfrac{XY}{XE}=\dfrac{XD}{XA}$ and $\dfrac{XF}{XE}=\dfrac{XC}{XA}.$ Hence $\dfrac{XC}{XD}=\dfrac{XF}{XY},$ so $XF\cdot XD=XC\cdot XY.$

Power of a Point at $X$ gives $XC\cdot XG=XD\cdot XB,$ and combining yields $XF\cdot XG=XB\cdot XY.$ With $d=BD,$ $DX=\dfrac14 d$ and $BY=\dfrac{11}{36}d,$ so $\begin{aligned} XF\cdot XG &=\left(d-\tfrac14 d\right) \\ &\quad {}\cdot\left(d-\tfrac14 d-\tfrac{11}{36}d\right) \\ &=\dfrac34 d\cdot\dfrac49 d=\dfrac{d^2}{3}. \end{aligned}$

Since $ABCD$ is cyclic, $\angle BAD$ and $\angle BCD$ are supplementary. The Law of Cosines on $\triangle ABD$ and $\triangle CBD$ gives $\dfrac{73-d^2}{48}=\dfrac{d^2-40}{24},$ so $d^2=51.$ Therefore $XF\cdot XG=\dfrac{51}{3}=17.$

Thus, the correct answer is A.

2017 AMC 12A Problem 24

Answer: A

Difficulty rating: 2520

Solution:

Problem 24 in Other Years