2025 AIME I 详解
向下滚动即可查看来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh 的精心整理的解答,打印PDF 解答,查看答案,或参加完整限时模拟考试。
所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。
1.
求所有整数进制 的和,使得 是 的因数。
Find the sum of all integer bases for which is a divisor of
小提示:
把这两个以 为底的数写成通常数值:它们是 和
Write the two numbers in base they are and
大提示:
因为 ,条件就是 整除
Since the condition is that divides
解答:
在 进制中,这两个数是 和 。我们需要 能被 整除,又因为 一定整除 ,所以这等价于 能被 整除。
由于 有 ,所以 只能是 或 ,从而 或 。所求和为 。
In base the two numbers are and We need to be divisible by and since certainly divides this is equivalent to being divisible by
For we have so must be or giving or The sum is
2.
在 中,点 、、、 按此顺序位于边 上,且 、、。点 、、、 按此顺序位于边 上,且 、、。令 为 关于 的对称点,令 为 关于 的对称点。四边形 的面积为 。求七边形 的面积。
On points and lie in that order on side with and Points and lie in that order on side with and Let be the reflection of through and let be the reflection of through Quadrilateral has area Find the area of heptagon
小提示:
因为 、,点 和 都在从 出发的 处,点 和 都在 处,所以 是 的一个固定分数
Since and the points and sit of the way from while and sit of the way, so is a fixed fraction of
大提示:
从 出发用向量写成 、,再对七边形使用鞋带公式;几乎所有项都会相消
Write and as vectors from then apply the shoelace formula to the heptagon; almost everything cancels
解答:
这里 ,且 ,所以 和 分别在各自边上从 出发 的位置,而 和 分别在 的位置。共用角 的三角形面积与两条邻边长度的乘积成正比,因此 ,且 。于是 得到 。
现在令 ,,于是 、、、,而两个对称点为 和 。对 使用鞋带公式,即求相邻顶点的叉积和;与 相邻的两项为零,并且
除了 这一项外,其余都相消,所以七边形面积为 。
Here and so and lie of the way from along their sides while and lie of the way. Triangles sharing angle have areas proportional to the products of the adjacent sides, so and Therefore which gives
Now set and so that and the reflections are and The shoelace formula for sums cross products of consecutive vertices: the two terms at vanish, and
Everything cancels except the single term so the heptagon’s area is
3.
一支棒球队的 名队员赛后去了冰淇淋店。每名队员都买了一个单球蛋筒,口味为巧克力、香草或草莓。每种口味至少有一名队员选择,并且选择巧克力的人数大于选择香草的人数,选择香草的人数又大于选择草莓的人数。令 为满足这些条件的不同口味分配方式数。求 除以 的余数。
The members of a baseball team went to an ice-cream parlor after their game. Each player had a single scoop cone of chocolate, vanilla, or strawberry ice cream. At least one player chose each flavor, and the number of players who chose chocolate was greater than the number of players who chose vanilla, which was greater than the number of players who chose strawberry. Let be the number of different assignments of flavors to players that meet these conditions. Find the remainder when is divided by
小提示:
先找出所有口味人数三元组:三个正整数严格递减且和为
First find every triple of flavor counts: strictly decreasing positive integers summing to
大提示:
对人数 ,把口味分给九名不同队员的方式数是
For counts the number of ways to assign flavors to the nine distinct players is
解答:
令 分别为选择巧克力、香草和草莓的人数,并且 。检查小的 值,可得唯一可能为 、,和 。
因为队员彼此不同,每个人数三元组贡献一个多项式系数: 因此 ,除以 的余数为 。
Let be the numbers of players choosing chocolate, vanilla, and strawberry, with Checking small values of shows the only possibilities are and
Since the players are distinct, each triple of counts contributes a multinomial coefficient: Thus and the remainder modulo is
4.
求有序整数对 的个数,其中 和 都在 到 之间(包含端点),并满足 。
Find the number of ordered pairs where both and are integers between and inclusive, such that
小提示:
左边可因式分解为
The left side factors as
大提示:
一条直线给出 ,其中 ;另一条给出 ,其中 。不要把原点重复计算。
One line gives with the other gives with Don’t count the origin twice.
解答:
方程可分解为 所以每个解都满足 或 。
的整数解为 ;限制 给出 ,即 对。 的整数解为 ;限制 给出 ,即 对。这两个族只在 重合,所以总数为 。
The equation factors as so every solution has or
Integer solutions of are the constraint gives or pairs. Integer solutions of are the constraint gives or pairs. The families overlap only at so the count is
5.
有 个八位正整数,它们恰好各使用数字 、、、、、、、 一次。令 为这些整数中能被 整除的个数。求 与 的差。
There are eight-digit positive integers that use each of the digits exactly once. Let be the number of these integers that are divisible by Find the difference between and
小提示:
要能被 整除,奇数位上的四个数字之和与偶数位上的四个数字之和必须相等
For divisibility by the four digits in odd positions and the four in even positions must have equal sums
大提示:
每边数字和都是 ,这样的分组有 个。再按个位所在一边含有多少个偶数数字,统计偶数个位的排列数。
Each side sums to and there are such splits. Then count arrangements with an even units digit, sorted by how many even digits share the units digit’s side.
解答:
所有数字之和为 。被 整除要求数字交错和是 的倍数,所以若奇数位上的四个数字和为 ,则 必须是 的倍数。因为 ,唯一可能是 :每组四个位置的数字和都为 。 中和为 的四元素子集为 一共有八个,并且两两互为补集。
选择这 个子集中的哪一个占据偶数位,其中包含个位;其补集占据奇数位。若该子集含有 个偶数数字,则个位数字有 种选择,其余偶数位有 种排列,奇数位有 种排列,共 个数。互补子集的 值之和为 ,所以在全部 种选择中 。因此 ,且 。
The digits sum to Divisibility by requires the alternating sum of digits to be a multiple of so if the four digits in odd positions sum to then must be a multiple of Since the only possibility is each block of four positions carries digit sum The four-element subsets of with sum are eight in all, and they come in complementary pairs.
Choose which of the subsets occupies the even positions (which include the units place); the complement fills the odd positions. If that subset contains of the even digits, then the units digit can be chosen in ways, the rest of the even positions in ways, and the odd positions in ways, for numbers. Complementary subsets have -values summing to so over all choices Hence and
6.
一个等腰梯形有内切圆,且该圆与四条边都相切。圆的半径为 ,梯形面积为 。设梯形的两条平行边长为 和 ,且 。求 。
An isosceles trapezoid has an inscribed circle tangent to each of its four sides. The radius of the circle is and the area of the trapezoid is Let the parallel sides of the trapezoid have lengths and with Find
小提示:
高是内切圆半径的两倍,所以面积公式给出
The height is twice the inradius, so the area formula gives
大提示:
在切四边形中,两组对边长度和相等,所以每条腰为 ;用勾股定理求
In a tangential quadrilateral the two pairs of opposite sides have equal sums, so each leg is use the Pythagorean theorem to get
解答:
圆同时与两条平行边相切,所以梯形高为 。由面积得 ,所以 。由 Pitot 定理,两条腰的长度和也为 ,又因为梯形等腰,所以每条腰为 。
从较短底边的一个端点作垂线,腰是一条直角三角形的斜边,两条直角边为 和 : 所以 。因此 。
The circle is tangent to both parallel sides, so the height of the trapezoid is From the area, so By the Pitot theorem the legs together also sum to and since the trapezoid is isosceles each leg is
Dropping a perpendicular from an endpoint of the shorter base, the leg is the hypotenuse of a right triangle with legs and so Therefore
7.
十二个字母 、、、、、、、、、、,和 被随机分成六对。每一对中的两个字母按字母顺序相邻放置,形成六个两个字母的“单词”,然后这六个单词再按字母顺序排列。例如,一种可能的结果是 、、、、、。最后列出的单词含有 的概率为 ,其中 和 为互质正整数。求 。
The twelve letters and are randomly grouped into six pairs of letters. The two letters in each pair are placed next to each other in alphabetical order to form six two-letter words, and then those six words are listed alphabetically. For example, a possible result is The probability that the last word listed contains is where and are relatively prime positive integers. Find
小提示:
最后一个单词的首字母,是六对中字母较小者里面最大的一个
The last word’s first letter is the largest among the six smaller letters of the pairs
大提示:
要么 与后面的字母配对,且 到 中没有两者互相配对;要么最后一个单词是 ,且 到 都与 到 配对
Either pairs with a later letter and no two of through pair together, or the last word is with through all paired into through
解答:
分配这些字母成对共有 种方式。每个单词以该对中较小的字母开头,所以按字母顺序最后的单词,就是较小字母最大的那一对。
情况 : 是最后一个单词中的较小字母。则 与 、、、 或 中的一个配对( 种),而剩下四个靠后的字母中任意两个不能互相配对,否则会产生首字母在 之后的单词。这四个字母必须从 中选取不同搭档,共 种方式,剩下两个较早字母彼此配对。因此得到 种配对。情况 : 是较大字母,与某个排在 之前的 配对。那么 中不能有两者互相配对,所以它们五个都要与另外五个较早字母配对;此时六个较小字母恰好是 到 ,其中最大的是 。要使最后一个单词包含 ,其较小字母必须是 ,所以最后一个单词是 ,且 与 配对有 种方式。
所求概率为 ,所以 。
There are ways to pair the letters. Each word begins with the smaller letter of its pair, so the last word alphabetically is the pair whose smaller letter is largest.
Case is the smaller letter of the last word. Then pairs with one of or ( ways), and no two of the remaining four late letters may pair together (such a pair would start with a letter after ). Those four letters must take distinct partners from in ways, and the two leftover early letters pair with each other. That gives pairings. Case is the larger letter, paired with some before Then none of may pair together, so all five take partners among the other five early letters; the six smaller letters are then exactly through and the largest is For the last word to contain its smaller letter must therefore be so the last word is and match with in ways.
The probability is so
8.
设 为实数,使方程组 恰好有一个复数解 。所有可能的 的和可写成 ,其中 和 为互质正整数。求 。这里 。
Let be a real number such that the system has exactly one complex solution The sum of all possible values of can be written as where and are relatively prime positive integers. Find Here
小提示:
第一个方程是以 为圆心、半径为 的圆;第二个方程是点 和 的垂直平分线
The first equation is a circle centered at with radius the second is the perpendicular bisector of the points and
大提示:
恰好一个解意味着这条垂直平分线与圆相切:令 到该直线的距离等于
Exactly one solution means the bisector is tangent to the circle: set the distance from to the line equal to
解答:
第一个方程表示 位于以 为圆心、半径为 的圆上。第二个方程表示 到 与 的距离相等,也就是位于 的垂直平分线上。方程组恰好有一个解,当且仅当这条直线与该圆相切。
中点为 ,而 的斜率为 ,所以垂直平分线斜率为 :标准式为 。相切要求 所以 ,得到 或 。
两者之和为 ,所以 。
The first equation says lies on the circle of radius centered at The second says is equidistant from and i.e. it lies on the perpendicular bisector of The system has exactly one solution precisely when this line is tangent to the circle.
The midpoint is and has slope so the bisector has slope in standard form Tangency requires so giving or
The sum is so
9.
抛物线 绕原点逆时针旋转 。原抛物线与其旋转后图像在第四象限的唯一交点,其 坐标为 ,其中 、、 为正整数,且 与 互质。求 。
The parabola with equation is rotated counterclockwise around the origin. The unique point in the fourth quadrant where the original parabola and its image intersect has -coordinate where and are positive integers, and and are relatively prime. Find
小提示:
点 同时在两条曲线上,当且仅当 和它绕原点旋转 后的点都在原抛物线上,且到原点距离相等
lies on both curves exactly when and its rotation by both lie on the original parabola, at equal distance from the origin
大提示:
尝试让旋转后的点成为镜像点 :这会强制 ,再代入抛物线
Try making the rotated image the mirror point that forces which you can substitute into the parabola
解答:
点 在旋转后的抛物线上,当且仅当它绕原点旋转 得到的点 在原抛物线上。因此我们需要 和 都在 上。抛物线关于 对称,所以寻找一个点 ,使其旋转后的点为镜像点 。
比较 坐标得 ,即 ,此时 坐标也自动满足:。将 代入 ,得到 ,其正根为 。于是 因此该点位于第四象限,并在两条曲线上。
题目保证第四象限的交点唯一,所以其 坐标为 ,得到 。
A point lies on the image parabola exactly when its rotation by namely lies on the original parabola. So we need and both on The parabola is symmetric in so we look for whose rotated image is the mirror point
Matching -coordinates gives i.e. and then the -coordinate works automatically: Substituting into gives whose positive root is Then so this point is in the fourth quadrant, on both curves.
The problem guarantees the fourth-quadrant intersection is unique, so its -coordinate is giving
10.
一个 方格的 个格子用数字 到 填入,使得每一行包含 个不同数字,并且如下例中粗线标出的三个 区块也各包含 个不同数字,就像数独题的前三行一样。
这种方格的不同填法数可写成 ,其中 、、、 是互不相同的质数,、、、 是正整数。求 。
The cells of a grid are filled in using the numbers through so that each row contains different numbers, and each of the three blocks heavily outlined in the example below contains different numbers, as in the first three rows of a Sudoku puzzle.
The number of different ways to fill such a grid can be written as where and are distinct prime numbers and are positive integers. Find
小提示:
左侧区块有 种填法;然后决定它每一行中的哪些数字进入中间区块的每一行
Fill the left block in ways, then decide which digits from each of its rows go into each row of the middle block
大提示:
中间区块的各行数字集合有 种选择,右侧区块随之确定,而两个区块的每一行都可按 种方式排列
The middle block’s row contents can be chosen in ways, the right block is then determined, and every row of both blocks can be ordered in ways
解答:
左侧区块任意填写:有 种方式。令 、、 为其三行中的三个数字集合。在中间区块中,第 行必须避开 ,因为这些数字已经在第 行出现过,并且该区块的三行必须划分 。设中间区块第一行从 中取 个数字、从 中取 个数字。平衡三行后,中间行被迫取 中的 个数字以及 中剩下的全部 个数字,底行也随之确定。数字集合的选择数为
右侧区块的各行数字集合随后被强制确定,即第 行取第 行还缺少的数字;中间和右侧区块共六行,每行内部可按 种方式排列。总数为
因此 。
Fill the left block arbitrarily: ways. Let and be the sets of three digits in its rows. In the middle block, row must avoid (those digits already appear in row ), and the block’s three rows must partition Say its top row takes digits from and from Balancing the three rows then forces the middle row to take digits from together with all remaining digits of and the bottom row is determined. The number of content choices is
The right block’s row contents are then forced (row takes whatever is missing from row ), and each of the six rows of the middle and right blocks can be ordered internally in ways. The total is
Therefore
11.
一个分段线性函数定义为 并且对所有实数 有 。 的图像呈现如下锯齿形。
抛物线 与 的图像有有限个交点。所有这些交点的 坐标之和可表示为 ,其中 、、、 是正整数,且 、、 的最大公因数为 , 不被任何质数的平方整除。求 。
A piecewise linear function is defined by and for all real numbers The graph of has the sawtooth pattern depicted below.
The parabola intersects the graph of at finitely many points. The sum of the -coordinates of all these intersection points can be expressed in the form where and are positive integers such that have greatest common divisor equal to and is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find
小提示:
在抛物线 上,交点对应 且 的解,所以
On the parabola intersections are the solutions of with so
大提示:
每一段直线都会把 化为一个二次方程;用韦达定理相加根,但要检查哪些根真正落在该段区间中
Each linear piece turns into a quadratic; add the roots with Vieta’s formulas, but check which roots actually land in the piece’s interval
解答:
因为 的取值只在 内,任一交点都有 ,从而 。在上升段上, 且 ,所以 化为 ;在下降段上, 且 ,得到 。每种情形中,一个根有效当且仅当它落在 (上升段)或 (下降段)内,因为这时 会自动落在正确区间中。
对上升段,根为 ,且两个根都有效当且仅当 ,即 :共有九个二次方程,每个由韦达定理贡献根和 。对下降段,根为 。带负号的根要求 ,这对 成立;这些八个二次方程各贡献 。当 时,只有正根 有效。
总和为 且 是无平方因子数,所以 。
Since only takes values in any intersection has and hence On the rising pieces, with so becomes on the falling pieces, with giving In each case a root is valid exactly when it lies in (rising) or (falling), since then automatically falls in the correct interval.
For the rising pieces the roots are and both are valid exactly when i.e. for nine quadratics, each contributing root sum by Vieta. For the falling pieces the roots are The root with the minus sign requires which holds for those eight quadratics each contribute For only the positive root is valid.
The total is and is squarefree, so
12.
维坐标空间中,位于平面 且坐标满足不等式 的点集形成三个不相交的凸区域。其中恰有一个区域面积有限。这个有限区域的面积可表示为 ,其中 和 是正整数,且 不被任何质数的平方整除。求 。
The set of points in -dimensional coordinate space that lie in the plane whose coordinates satisfy the inequalities forms three disjoint convex regions. Exactly one of those regions has finite area. The area of this finite region can be expressed in the form where and are positive integers and is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find
小提示:
第一个不等式可整理为 ,第二个可整理为
The first inequality rearranges to and the second to
大提示:
有界部分是在该平面上的 ;它的顶点来自边界 、,和
The bounded piece is on the plane; its corners come from the boundaries and
解答:
因为 ,同理 ,所以两个条件分别为 以及 每个条件都有两种符号模式,共有四种组合。组合 、、、 在平面上不可能: 会迫使 ,与 矛盾。剩下的组合中有两种允许某个坐标趋于无穷,从而产生两个无界区域。
有界区域为 、、(第四个限制 随之自动成立):即平面上的集合 。其闭包是一个三角形,顶点来自边界线两两相交:、 给出 ;、 给出 ;而 给出 。
令 ,两条边向量为 和 。它们的叉积为 ,长度为 ,所以面积为 。因此 。
Since and similarly the conditions are and Each condition offers two sign patterns, giving four combinations. The combination is impossible on the plane: forces contradicting Two of the remaining combinations allow a coordinate to run off to infinity, producing the two unbounded regions.
The bounded region is (the fourth constraint is then automatic): the set on the plane. Its closure is the triangle whose vertices come from intersecting the boundary lines pairwise: gives gives and gives
With the edge vectors are and whose cross product is of length The area is so
13.
Alex 用两条相互垂直、相交于圆心的直径把一个圆盘分成四个象限。他又在圆盘内画了 条线段,每条线段都通过随机选择圆周上位于不同象限的两个点并连接它们来得到。求这 条线段把圆盘分成的区域数的期望。
Alex divides a disk into four quadrants with two perpendicular diameters intersecting at the center of the disk. He draws more line segments through the disk, drawing each segment by selecting two points at random on the perimeter of the disk in different quadrants and connecting these two points. Find the expected number of regions into which these line segments divide the disk.
小提示:
每加入一条新线段,区域数增加 加上它与之前线段的交点数,所以求内部交点总数的期望
Each new segment adds plus the number of earlier segments it crosses, so find the expected total number of interior crossings
大提示:
按象限对分类:一条随机弦与一条给定直径相交的概率为 ,两条随机弦相交的概率为
Classify by quadrant pairs: a random chord meets a given diameter with probability and two random chords cross with probability
解答:
以概率 ,没有任何随机端点或内部交点彼此重合,所以逐条加入弦时,每条新弦使区域数增加 加上它在圆盘内部穿过已有弦的次数。从一个区域开始,期望总数为 ,其中 是内部相交线段对数的期望。两条直径相交一次。一条随机弦的端点落在 种象限对之一,每种概率为 。当端点的 符号相反时,该弦恰好穿过竖直直径;这在 种象限对中的 种发生,所以它与每条直径相交的概率为 ,与两条直径的交点总数平均为 :这 条弦与直径贡献 个期望交点。
对两条随机弦,按它们的象限对分类,共有 种等可能的有序组合。若一条用象限 ,另一条用 ,则端点必然交替出现,所以它们必相交:有 种组合。若两对象限相邻且不相交,例如 和 ,则两条弦绝不相交:有 种组合。在其余 种组合中,端点是否沿圆周交替,化为比较共享象限内的独立均匀点;例如,一条 弦与一条 弦相交,当且仅当两个象限 中的点按某一特定顺序出现。因此由对称性,概率为 。所以两条随机弦相交的概率为
对弦贡献 个期望交点,所以 ,区域数期望为 。
With probability no random endpoint or interior crossing coincides with another, so adding chords one at a time, each new chord increases the region count by plus the number of existing chords it crosses inside the disk. Starting from one region, the expected total is where is the expected number of interior crossing pairs. The two diameters cross once. A random chord’s endpoints land in one of the quadrant pairs, each with probability The chord crosses the vertical diameter exactly when its endpoints have opposite -signs, which happens for of the pairs, so it meets each diameter with probability and both diameters together times on average: the chords contribute expected crossings with the diameters.
For two random chords, condition on their quadrant pairs ( equally likely ordered combinations). If one uses quadrants and the other the endpoints always alternate, so they always cross: combinations. If the two pairs are adjacent and disjoint, such as and the chords never cross: combinations. In each of the other combinations, whether the endpoints alternate around the circle reduces to comparing independent uniform points inside shared quadrants — for example, a chord and a chord cross exactly when the two quadrant- points come in one specific order — and the probability is by symmetry. So two random chords cross with probability
The chord pairs contribute expected crossings, so and the expected number of regions is
14.
设 是凸五边形,满足 、、、、,且 。对平面上每个点 ,定义 。 的最小可能值可表示为 ,其中 和 是正整数, 不被任何质数的平方整除。求 。
Let be a convex pentagon with and For each point in the plane, define The least possible value of can be expressed as where and are positive integers and is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find
小提示:
计算 和 ;三角形 和 分别在 和 处为直角
Compute and triangles and turn out to have right angles at and
大提示:
将 分拆开,并证明三角形 的费马点位于线段 上
Split and show that the Fermat point of triangle lies on segment
解答:
在三角形 中,对 使用余弦定理,得 ,所以 ;因为 , 处为直角,且 。同理 , 处为直角,且 。在三角形 中,,所以
分拆 ,其中 是 的最小值。因为 ,得到 ,所以 ,且 。三角形 的所有角都小于 ,所以 在其费马点处取得;在边 远离 的一侧作等边三角形 ,标准旋转论证给出 ,又因为 的余弦也为 ,
两个下界可以同时取到:令 为三角形 的费马点,则 。因为 ,点 在 的外接圆上,于是 ;同理 在 的外接圆上,且 。因此 ,所以 位于线段 上,并且 。答案为 。
In triangle the law of cosines with gives so since the angle at is right and Likewise with a right angle at and In triangle with
Split where is the minimum of Since we get so and All angles of triangle are less than so is attained at its Fermat point; erecting an equilateral triangle on side away from the standard rotation argument gives and since also has cosine
Both bounds are tight simultaneously: let be the Fermat point of so Since point lies on the circumcircle of whence similarly lies on the circumcircle of and Thus so lies on segment and The answer is
15.
令 表示满足如下条件的有序正整数三元组 的个数:、、,且 是 的倍数。求 除以 的余数。
Let denote the number of ordered triples of positive integers such that and is a multiple of Find the remainder when is divided by
小提示:
只取决于 ,而与 互质的数的立方都满足
depends only on and cubes of numbers prime to are
大提示:
若三个数都与三互质,或恰有一个数与三互质,则立方和模 不可能为 。恰有一个数是 的倍数时,每个有效目标都有唯一立方根;三个数全是三的倍数时,递归到模 。
Three units, or one unit, can’t sum to mod With one multiple of each valid target has exactly one cube root; with all three, recurse modulo
解答:
因为 ,所以 的立方模 只取决于 ,而在 中每个剩余类恰好出现一次。此外,模 下 的立方根只有 ,它们模 都相同;因此立方映射是从模 的 个单位到模 的单位立方集合的双射,而这个集合恰好是满足 的单位。若 、、 三者都与 互质,或恰有一个与三互质,则模 下立方和为 或 ,绝不会是 :没有解。
恰有一个是 的倍数,设 :对 个单位 和 种 的选择,条件 的右边是一个满足 的单位,因此模 有且仅有一个解 。选择哪个变量是 的倍数有 种,所以本情形给出 个三元组。
三者全为 的倍数时,写 等,其中 、、 取遍模 的剩余类。条件变为 ,它只取决于模 的剩余类,所以计数是模 时计数的 倍。把同样分析下降一级:两个单位的情形给出 ,全可被三整除的情形化为 ,其中 、、 模 ,给出 ;所以模 共有 个三元组,本处共有 个。总计 ,除以 的余数为 。
Since the cube of modulo depends only on and each residue occurs exactly once in Moreover, the only cube roots of modulo are which all agree modulo hence cubing is a bijection from the units modulo onto the set of unit cubes modulo which is exactly the set of units If all three of and are prime to (or exactly one is), then modulo the sum of cubes is or never no solutions.
Exactly one multiple of say for each of the units and choices of the requirement has a right side that is a unit hence has exactly one solution modulo With choices for which variable is the multiple of this case gives triples.
All three multiples of writing etc. with and ranging modulo the condition becomes which depends only on the residues modulo so the count is times the count modulo Repeating the same analysis one level down: the two-unit case gives and the all-divisible case reduces to with and modulo giving that is triples modulo hence here. In total whose remainder modulo is