2016 AMC 8 详解

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

1.

有史以来最长的职业网球比赛总共持续了 1111 小时 55 分钟。这是多少分钟?

The longest professional tennis match ever played lasted a total of 1111 hours and 55 minutes. How many minutes was this?

605 605

655 655

665 665

1005 1005

1105 1105

知识点:单位换算

难度评级:370

视频讲解:
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文字解答:

一小时有 6060 分钟,所以总时间为 6011+5=66560 \cdot 11 + 5 = 665 分钟。

所以正确答案是 C

There are 6060 minutes in an hour, so the total time is 6011+5=66560 \cdot 11 + 5 = 665 minutes.

Thus, C is the correct answer.

2.

在长方形 ABCDABCD 中,AB=6AB=6AD=8AD=8。点 MMAD\overline{AD} 的中点。AMC\triangle AMC 的面积是多少?

In rectangle ABCD,ABCD, AB=6AB=6 and AD=8.AD=8. Point MM is the midpoint of AD.\overline{AD}. What is the area of AMC?\triangle AMC?

12 12

15 15

18 18

20 20

24 24

难度评级:450

视频讲解:
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文字解答:

从图中可知,AMC\triangle AMC 的底为 44,高为 66。因此面积为 1246=12\dfrac{1}{2} \cdot 4 \cdot 6 = 12

所以正确答案是 A

From the diagram, we can see that the base of AMC\triangle AMC is 44 and the altitude is 6.6. The area is therefore 1246=12.\dfrac{1}{2} \cdot 4 \cdot 6 = 12.

Thus, A is the correct answer.

3.

四名学生参加考试。其中三人的分数是 70,8070, 809090。如果四人平均分为 7070,那么剩下那人的分数是多少?

Four students take an exam. Three of their scores are 70,80,70, 80, and 90.90. If the average of their four scores is 70,70, then what is the remaining score?

40 40

50 50

55 55

60 60

70 70

知识点:平均数

难度评级:450

视频讲解:
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文字解答:

由平均分可知四人总分为 470=2804 \cdot 70 = 280。因此剩下的分数为 280708090=40.280 - 70 - 80 - 90 = 40.

所以正确答案是 A

From the average, we can calculate the sum of the scores to be 470=280.4 \cdot 70 = 280. This means that the remaining score is 280708090=40.280 - 70 - 80 - 90 = 40.

Thus, A is the correct answer.

4.

Cheenu 小时候能在 33 小时 3030 分钟内跑 1515 英里。现在他年老了,能在 44 小时内走 1010 英里。现在他走一英里比小时候跑一英里多花多少分钟?

When Cheenu was a boy he could run 1515 miles in 33 hours and 3030 minutes. As an old man he can now walk 1010 miles in 44 hours. How many minutes longer does it take for him to walk a mile now compared to when he was a boy?

6 6

10 10

15 15

18 18

30 30

知识点:速率单位换算

难度评级:720

视频讲解:
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文字解答:

为了更容易比较速度,将它们都换成每英里所需分钟数。

小时候他跑 1515 英里用了 360+30=2103 \cdot 60 + 30 = 210 分钟,所以速度为 210/15=14210 / 15 = 14 分钟每英里。

现在他走 1010 英里用了 460=2404 \cdot 60 = 240 分钟,所以速度为 240/10=24240 / 10 = 24 分钟每英里。

相减得,现在他走一英里多花 1010 分钟。

所以正确答案是 B

To better compare the rates, we can change his speed into minutes per mile.

As a boy he ran 1515 miles in 360+30=2103 \cdot 60 + 30 = 210 minutes, which means that he ran at a pace of 210/15=14210 / 15 = 14 minutes per mile.

As an adult, he can walk 1010 miles in 460=2404 \cdot 60 = 240 minutes, which means he walks at a pace of 240/10=24240 / 10 = 24 minutes per mile.

Subtracting the two, we get that he takes 1010 more minutes to walk a mile as an adult.

Thus, B is the correct answer.

5.

NN 是一个两位数,满足以下性质:

\quadNN 除以 99 的余数为 11

\quadNN 除以 1010 的余数为 33

NN 除以 1111 的余数是多少?

The number NN is a two-digit number with the following properties:

\quad• When NN is divided by 9,9, the remainder is 1.1.

\quad• When NN is divided by 10,10, the remainder is 3.3.

What is the remainder when NN is divided by 11?11?

0 0

2 2

4 4

5 5

7 7

难度评级:940

视频讲解:
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文字解答:

除以 9911 的两位数为:10,19,28,37,46,55,64,73,82,91.\begin{align*}&10, 19, 28, 37, 46,\\& 55, 64, 73, 82, 91.\end{align*} 除以 101033 的两位数为:13,23,33,43,53,63,73,83,93.\begin{align*}&13, 23, 33, 43, 53,\\& 63, 73, 83, 93.\end{align*} 其中唯一共同的数是 73737373 除以 1111 的余数是 77

所以正确答案是 E

The two-digit numbers that leave a remainder of 11 when divided by 99 are: 10,19,28,37,46,55,64,73,82,91.\begin{align*}&10, 19, 28, 37, 46,\\& 55, 64, 73, 82, 91.\end{align*} The two-digit numbers that leave a remainder of 33 when divided by 1010 are: 13,23,33,43,53,63,73,83,93.\begin{align*}&13, 23, 33, 43, 53,\\& 63, 73, 83, 93.\end{align*} Among these numbers, 7373 is the only common number. The remainder of 7373 when divided by 1111 is 7.7.

Thus, E is the correct answer.

6.

下方条形图表示十九个人的名字长度(字母数)。这些名字长度的中位数是多少?

The following bar graph represents the length (in letters) of the names of 19 people. What is the median length of these names?

3 3

4 4

5 5

6 6

7 7

难度评级:770

视频讲解:
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文字解答:

因为有 1919 个人,每人对应一个名字长度,所以中间的长度是第十个值。从左侧开始数,数到第十个时得到 44

所以正确答案是 B

Since there are 1919 people, each with one corresponding name length, the middle length will be the tenth one. Counting from the left side, the tenth value that we arrive upon is 4.4.

Thus, B is the correct answer.

7.

下列哪个数不是完全平方数?

Which of the following numbers is not a perfect square?

12016 1^{2016}

22017 2^{2017}

32018 3^{2018}

42019 4^{2019}

52020 5^{2020}

难度评级:870

视频讲解:
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文字解答:

任何指数为偶数的数都是完全平方数,所以可排除 ACE。另外,平方数的任意次幂仍然是平方数,所以也排除 D

所以正确答案是 B

Since any number with an even exponent is a perfect square, we can eliminate A, C, and E. Also, a square number to any power remains a square number, so that rules out D.

Thus, B is the correct answer.

8.

求表达式 10098+9694+9290++86+42. \begin{gathered} 100 - 98 + 96 - 94 + 92 - 90 \\ {}+ \cdots + 8 - 6 + 4 - 2. \end{gathered} 的值。

Find the value of the expression 10098+9694+9290++86+42. \begin{gathered} 100 - 98 + 96 - 94 + 92 - 90 \\ {}+ \cdots + 8 - 6 + 4 - 2. \end{gathered}

20 20

40 40

50 50

80 80

100 100

知识点:配对与分组

难度评级:900

视频讲解:
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可以把和分组为 (10098)+(9694)++(42). \begin{gathered} (100 - 98) + (96 - 94) \\ {}+ \cdots + (4 - 2). \end{gathered} 每一对的值都是 22,共有 2525 对。 因此总和为 225=502 \cdot 25 = 50

所以正确答案是 C

We can group the sum as follows: (10098)+(9694)++(42). \begin{gathered} (100 - 98) + (96 - 94) \\ {}+ \cdots + (4 - 2). \end{gathered} Note that each pair evaluates to 22 and there are 2525 pairs. Therefore, the total sum is 225=50.2 \cdot 25 = 50.

Thus, C is the correct answer.

9.

20162016 的不同质数因子之和是多少?

What is the sum of the distinct prime integer divisors of 2016?2016?

9 9

12 12

16 16

49 49

63 63

知识点:质因数分解

难度评级:960

视频讲解:
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文字解答:

20162016 质因数分解为 253272^5 \cdot 3^2 \cdot 7。因此 20162016 的质因子是 2,32, 377。它们的和为 1212,所以正确答案是 B

We can prime factorize 20162016 as 25327.2^5 \cdot 3^2 \cdot 7. This shows that the prime divisors of 20162016 are 2,3,2, 3, and 7.7. The sum of these is 12,12, so B is the correct answer.

10.

假设 aba * b 表示 3ab3a - b。若 2(5x)=12 * (5 * x) = 1 xx 的值是多少?

Suppose that aba * b means 3ab.3a - b. What is the value of xx if 2(5x)=1?2 * (5 * x) = 1?

110 \dfrac{1}{10}

2 2

103 \dfrac{10}{3}

10 10

14 14

难度评级:1030

视频讲解:
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化简方程: 1=2(5x)=2(35x)=2(15x)=32(15x)=x9. \begin{align*} 1 &= 2 * (5 * x) \\ &= 2 * (3 \cdot 5 - x) \\ &= 2 * (15 - x) \\ &= 3 \cdot 2 - (15 - x) \\ &= x - 9. \end{align*} 因此 x=10x = 10

所以正确答案是 D

We can simplify the equation as follows: 1=2(5x)=2(35x)=2(15x)=32(15x)=x9. \begin{align*} 1 &= 2 * (5 * x) \\ &= 2 * (3 \cdot 5 - x) \\ &= 2 * (15 - x) \\ &= 3 \cdot 2 - (15 - x) \\ &= x - 9. \end{align*} Solving yields x=10.x = 10.

Thus, D is the correct answer.

11.

有多少个两位数满足以下性质?

将这个数与它的数字反序得到的数相加,和为 132132

Determine how many two-digit numbers satisfy the following property:

When the number is added to the number obtained by reversing its digits, the sum is 132.132.

5 5

7 7

9 9

11 11

12 12

知识点:数字位值

难度评级:1100

视频讲解:
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文字解答:

设这个两位数为 abab,反序数为 baba。要让 abab 满足题目条件,题意给出 10(a+b)+a+b=13211(a+b)=132a+b=12.\begin{align*}10(a + b) + a + b &=132\\11(a + b)&=132\\a+b&=12.\end{align*} 可行的 (a,b)(a,b)(3,9),(4,8),(5,7),(6,6),(3,9), (4,8), (5,7), (6,6), (7,5),(8,4),(9,3). (7,5), (8,4),(9,3). 其中 a,ba,b 都为一位数字,共有 77 个。

所以正确答案是 B

Let abab be the two-digit number in question. Then, it follows that the number obtained by reversing its digits is ba.ba. Therefore, in order for abab to satisfy the property in the question: 10(a+b)+a+b=13211(a+b)=132a+b=12.\begin{align*}10(a + b) + a + b &=132\\11(a + b)&=132\\a+b&=12.\end{align*} The only possible solutions (a,b)(a,b) to this equation, where a,ba,b are both one digit, are: (3,9),(4,8),(5,7),(6,6),(3,9), (4,8), (5,7), (6,6),(7,5),(8,4),(9,3). (7,5), (8,4),(9,3). As such, there are 77 solutions.

Thus, B is the correct answer.

12.

Jefferson Middle School 的男生和女生人数相同。女生中的四分之三和男生中的三分之二参加了实地考察。参加实地考察的学生中,女生占几分之几?

Jefferson Middle School has the same number of boys and girls. Three-fourths of the girls and two-thirds of the boys went on a field trip. What fraction of the students on the field trip were girls?

12 \dfrac{1}{2}

917 \dfrac{9}{17}

713 \dfrac{7}{13}

23 \dfrac{2}{3}

1415 \dfrac{14}{15}

知识点:分数比与比例

难度评级:1170

视频讲解:
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为了方便比较,将分数化为同分母: 34=912\dfrac{3}{4} = \dfrac{9}{12} 23=812\dfrac{2}{3} = \dfrac{8}{12} 所以参加实地考察的女生与男生之比为 9:89 : 8,女生占 917\dfrac{9}{17}

所以正确答案是 B

To more easily compare, we can convert the fractions to have the same denominator:34=912\dfrac{3}{4} = \dfrac{9}{12} 23=812\dfrac{2}{3} = \dfrac{8}{12} This shows that the ratio of girls to boys is 9:8,9 : 8, which means that the fraction of girls on the field trip is 917.\dfrac{9}{17}.

Thus, B is the correct answer.

13.

从集合 {2,1,0,3,4,5}\{ - 2, -1, 0, 3, 4, 5\} 中随机选出两个不同的数并相乘。乘积为 00 的概率是多少?

Two different numbers are randomly selected from the set {2,1,0,3,4,5}\{ - 2, -1, 0, 3, 4, 5\} and multiplied together. What is the probability that the product is 0?0?

16 \dfrac{1}{6}

15 \dfrac{1}{5}

14 \dfrac{1}{4}

13 \dfrac{1}{3}

12 \dfrac{1}{2}

难度评级:1020

视频讲解:
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乘积为 00 的唯一方式是所选两个数中有一个是 0.0. 如果第一个数选 00,那么第二个数有 55 种选择。

同样,第二个数选 00 时也有 55 种选择。

因此共有 1010 个有序数对,其乘积为 0.0. 总有序数对数为 65=306 \cdot 5 = 30,所以概率为 1030=13.\dfrac{10}{30} = \dfrac{1}{3}.

所以正确答案是 D

The only way for the product to be 00 is if one of the numbers chosen is 0.0. If the first number chosen is 0,0, then there are 55 options for the second number.

Similarly, there are 55 combinations if 00 was chosen second.

Therefore, there are 1010 total pairs where the product is 0.0. The total number of pairs is 65=30,6 \cdot 5 = 30, so the probability is 1030=13.\dfrac{10}{30} = \dfrac{1}{3}.

Thus, D is the correct answer.

14.

Karl 的汽车每 3535 英里用一加仑汽油,油箱加满时可装 1414 加仑。

某天,Karl 出发时油箱是满的,开了 350350 英里后买了 88 加仑汽油,然后继续开到目的地。到达时,他的油箱还有一半满。Karl 那天一共开了多少英里?

Karl's car uses a gallon of gas every 3535 miles, and his gas tank holds 1414 gallons when it is full.

One day, Karl started with a full tank of gas, drove 350350 miles, bought 88 gallons of gas, and continued driving to his destination. When he arrived, his gas tank was half full. How many miles did Karl drive that day?

525 525

560 560

595 595

665 665

735 735

知识点:速率

难度评级:1170

视频讲解:
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Karl 开 350350 英里用了 350/35350 / 35 加仑汽油。

他又加了 88 加仑到原来剩下的 1410=414 - 10 = 4 加仑中,一共有 1212 加仑。

到达时油箱半满,所以后来又用了 127=512 - 7 = 5 加仑,对应 535=1755 \cdot 35 = 175 英里。

因此总路程为 350+175=525.350 + 175 = 525. 英里。

所以正确答案是 A

If Karl drove 350350 miles, then he used 350/35350 / 35 gallons of gas.

When he bought more gas, he added 88 gallons to 1410=414 - 10 = 4 gallons, attaining a total of 1212 gallons.

If his tank was half full when he arrived, he used 127=512 - 7 = 5 gallons, which equates to 535=1755 \cdot 35 = 175 miles.

Therefore, he travelled a total distance of 350+175=525.350 + 175 = 525. miles.

Thus, A is the correct answer.

15.

能整除 13411413^4 - 11^4 的最大的 22 的幂是多少?

What is the largest power of 22 that is a divisor of 134114?13^4 - 11^4?

8 8

16 16

32 32

64 64

128 128

知识点:平方差2的幂

难度评级:1310

视频讲解:
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使用平方差分解:

(132+112)(132112)=29048=321453 \begin{align*} (13^2 + 11^2)&(13^2 - 11^2) \\ &= 290 \cdot 48 \\ &= 32 \cdot 145 \cdot 3 \end{align*}

这说明 3232 是能整除该表达式的最大的 22 的幂。

所以正确答案是 C

We can factor this expression using difference of squares.

(132+112)(132112)=29048=321453 \begin{align*} (13^2 + 11^2)&(13^2 - 11^2) \\ &= 290 \cdot 48 \\ &= 32 \cdot 145 \cdot 3 \end{align*}

This shows that 3232 is the largest power of 22 that divides the expression.

Thus, C is the correct answer.

16.

Annie 和 Bonnie 正在绕一个 400400 米椭圆形跑道跑圈。她们同时出发,但 Annie 已经领先,因为她比 Bonnie 快 25%25\%。Annie 第一次追上并超过 Bonnie 时,她已经跑了多少圈?

Annie and Bonnie are running laps around a 400400-meter oval track. They started together, but Annie has pulled ahead, because she runs 25%25\% faster than Bonnie. How many laps will Annie have run when she first passes Bonnie?

114 1\dfrac{1}{4}

313 3\dfrac{1}{3}

4 4

5 5

25 25

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因为 Annie 比 Bonnie 快 25%25\%,所以 Bonnie 每完成一圈时,Annie 完成1141 \dfrac{1}{4}圈。也就是说 Bonnie 每跑一圈,Annie 领先四分之一圈。

Annie 要整整领先一圈,需要 Bonnie 完成 44 圈,此时 Annie 完成 55 圈。

所以正确答案是 D

Since Annie is 25%25\% faster than Bonnie, for every lap Bonnie finishes, Annie completes 1141 \dfrac{1}{4} laps. Therefore, Annie gains a quarter lap every time Bonnie finishes a lap.

With this in mind, for Annie to completely lap Bonnie, Bonnie must finish 44 laps, which means that Annie finished 55 laps.

Thus, D is the correct answer.

17.

Fred's Bank 的 ATM 密码由 0099 中的四个数字组成,允许数字重复。如果密码不能以序列 9,1,1,9,1,1, 开头,那么有多少个可能密码?

An ATM password at Fred's Bank is composed of four digits from 00 to 9,9, with repeated digits allowable. If no password may begin with the sequence 9,1,1,9,1,1, then how many passwords are possible?

30 30

7290 7290

9000 9000

9990 9990

9999 9999

难度评级:1020

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没有限制时,密码总数为 10410^4。这个条件排除了 1010 个密码,因为前 33 位固定为九、一、一,最后一位可以任意。因此可接受密码数为 10,00010=9990.10,000 - 10 = 9990.

所以正确答案是 D

The total number of passwords with no conditions is 104.10^4. The condition removes 1010 possible passwords since the first 33 are determined, and the last one can be anything. Therefore, the number of acceptable passwords is 10,00010=9990.10,000 - 10 = 9990.

Thus, D is the correct answer.

18.

在一次全地区田径赛中,216216 名短跑运动员参加 100100 米短跑比赛。跑道有 66 条道,所以一次只能有 66 名运动员比赛。每场比赛结束后,五名非获胜者被淘汰,获胜者将在后面的比赛中继续参赛。

需要多少场比赛才能决出短跑冠军?

In an All-Area track meet, 216216 sprinters enter a 100100-meter dash competition. The track has 66 lanes, so only 66 sprinters can compete at a time. At the end of each race, the five non-winners are eliminated, and the winner will compete again in a later race.

How many races are needed to determine the champion sprinter?

36 36

42 42

43 43

60 60

72 72

知识点:基本计数

难度评级:1170

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每场比赛淘汰 55 人。 要决出冠军,需要淘汰 215215 人。 因此需要 215/5=43215 / 5 = 43 场比赛。

所以正确答案是 C

Note that each race eliminates 55 people. For there to be a winner, 215215 must be eliminated. Therefore, 215/5=43215 / 5 = 43 races are required to eliminate this number of people.

Thus, C is the correct answer.

19.

2525 个连续偶整数的和是 10,00010,000。这 2525 个连续偶整数中最大的是多少?

The sum of 2525 consecutive even integers is 10,000.10,000. What is the largest of these 2525 consecutive even integers?

360 360

388 388

412 412

416 416

424 424

知识点:等差数列

难度评级:1100

视频讲解:
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这些数的平均数为 10,000/25=40010,000 / 25 = 400。因为共有二十五个连续偶整数,平均数就是中间项。最大数比中间项大 1212 个偶数间隔,所以等于 400+122=424400 + 12 \cdot 2 = 424

所以正确答案是 E

The average of these numbers is 10,000/25=400.10,000 / 25 = 400. The largest number is 1212 even numbers away, which means that it equals 400+122=424.400 + 12 \cdot 2 = 424.

Thus, E is the correct answer.

20.

aabb 的最小公倍数是 1212bbcc 的最小公倍数是 1515aacc 的最小公倍数的最小可能值是多少?

The least common multiple of aa and bb is 12,12, and the least common multiple of bb and cc is 15.15. What is the least possible value of the least common multiple of aa and c?c?

20 20

30 30

60 60

120 120

180 180

知识点:最小公倍数

难度评级:1390

视频讲解:
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文字解答:

bb 必须同时整除 12121515,所以它只能是 1133

如果 b=1b = 1,则可取 a=12a = 12c=15c = 15,它们的最小公倍数为 6060。如果 b=3b = 3,则可取 a=4a = 4c=5c = 5,此时最小公倍数为 2020

所以正确答案是 A

We know that bb has to divide both 1212 and 15,15, so it must equal either 11 or 3.3.

If b=1,b = 1, then a=12a = 12 and c=15,c = 15, making their least common multiple 60.60. If b=3,b = 3, then we may take a=4a = 4 and c=5.c = 5. The least common multiple in this scenario is 20.20.

Thus, A is the correct answer.

21.

一个盒子里有 33 枚红色筹码和 22 枚绿色筹码。每次随机抽出一枚筹码且不放回,直到 33 枚红色筹码都被抽出,或直到两枚绿色筹码都被抽出。33 枚红色筹码都被抽出的概率是多少?

A box contains 33 red chips and 22 green chips. Chips are drawn randomly, one at a time without replacement, until all 33 of the reds are drawn or until both green chips are drawn. What is the probability that the 33 reds are drawn?

310 \dfrac{3}{10}

25 \dfrac{2}{5}

12 \dfrac{1}{2}

35 \dfrac{3}{5}

23 \dfrac{2}{3}

难度评级:1490

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33 枚红色筹码先于两枚绿色筹码都被抽出,当且仅当完整抽取顺序中的最后一枚筹码是绿色。在这些位置安排中共有 1010 种,其中最后一个位置为绿色的有 44 种。

因此所求概率为 410=25.\dfrac{4}{10} = \dfrac{2}{5}.

所以正确答案是 B

The 33 reds are drawn before both green chips exactly when a green chip is the last chip in the full ordering. There are 1010 equally likely ways to choose the two positions of the green chips, and 44 of them have a green chip in the last position.

Therefore, the desired probability is 410=25.\dfrac{4}{10} = \dfrac{2}{5}.

Thus, B is the correct answer.

22.

下图中长方形 DEFADEFA 是一个 3×43 \times 4 长方形,且 DC=CB=BA=1DC=CB=BA=1。“蝙蝠翅膀”(阴影部分)的面积是

Rectangle DEFADEFA below is a 3×43 \times 4 rectangle with DC=CB=BA=1.DC=CB=BA=1. The area of the "bat wings" (shaded area) is

2 2

212 2 \dfrac{1}{2}

3 3

312 3 \dfrac{1}{2}

4 4

难度评级:1640

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IIAD\overline{AD} 的中点,GGEF\overline{EF} 的中点。再设 HHCF\overline{CF}BE\overline{BE} 的交点。

BCE\triangle BCE 的面积为 1214=2.\dfrac{1}{2} \cdot 1 \cdot 4 = 2. 由对称性,BCH\triangle BCHEFH\triangle EFH 相似。它们底边之比为 1:31 : 3,所以高之比也相同。因此 3IH=HG3IH = HG,得 IH=1IH = 1

所以 BCH=1211=12.\begin{align*}\triangle BCH &= \dfrac{1}{2} \cdot 1 \cdot 1\\ &= \dfrac{1}{2}.\end{align*} 于是 ECH=212=32.\begin{align*}\triangle ECH &= 2 - \dfrac{1}{2} \\&= \dfrac{3}{2}.\end{align*} 图形对称,所以蝙蝠翅膀总面积为 232=32 \cdot \dfrac{3}{2} = 3

所以正确答案是 C

Define II to be the midpoint of AD\overline{AD} and GG to be the midpoint of EF.\overline{EF}. Also define HH to be the intersection of CF\overline{CF} and BE.\overline{BE}.

The area of BCE\triangle BCE equals 1214=2.\dfrac{1}{2} \cdot 1 \cdot 4 = 2. By symmetry, we can see that BCH\triangle BCH and EFH\triangle EFH are similar. Since their bases are in a 1:31 : 3 ratio, so are their altitudes. This means that 3IH=HG,3IH = HG, which implies that IH=1.IH = 1.

Therefore, the area of BCH=1211=12.\begin{align*}\triangle BCH &= \dfrac{1}{2} \cdot 1 \cdot 1\\ &= \dfrac{1}{2}.\end{align*} This implies that the area of ECH=212=32.\begin{align*}\triangle ECH &= 2 - \dfrac{1}{2} \\&= \dfrac{3}{2}.\end{align*} Since the figure is symmetric, the total area of the bat wings is 232=3.2 \cdot \dfrac{3}{2} = 3.

Thus, C is the correct answer.

23.

两个全等圆分别以点 AABB 为圆心,并且每个圆都经过另一个圆的圆心。经过 AABB 的直线延长后与两个圆分别交于点 CCDD

两圆相交于两点,其中一点为 EECED\angle CED 的度数是多少?

Two congruent circles centered at points AA and BB each pass through the other circle's center. The line containing both AA and BB is extended to intersect the circles at points CC and D.D.

The circles intersect at two points, one of which is E.E. What is the degree measure of CED?\angle CED?

90 90

105 105

120 120

135 135

150 150

难度评级:1510

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因为 AE=EB=ABAE = EB = AB,它们都是全等圆的半径,所以它们构成等边三角形,AEB=60\angle AEB = 60^{\circ}

又因为 DB\overline{DB}AC\overline{AC} 是直径,所以 DEB=AEC=90.\angle DEB = \angle AEC = 90^{\circ}. 因此 CED=DEB+AECAEB,\begin{align*}\angle CED = \angle DEB &+ \angle AEC\\ &- \angle AEB,\end{align*}120120^{\circ}

所以正确答案是 C

We know that AE=EB=ABAE = EB = AB since they are all radii of congruent circles, so they form an equilateral triangle, which means that AEB=60.\angle AEB = 60^{\circ}.

Also, since DB\overline{DB} and AC\overline{AC} are diameters, DEB=AEC=90.\angle DEB = \angle AEC = 90^{\circ}. Therefore, CED=DEB+AECAEB,\begin{align*}\angle CED = \angle DEB &+ \angle AEC\\ &- \angle AEB,\end{align*} which equals 120.120^{\circ}.

Thus, C is the correct answer.

24.

数字 1122334455 各使用一次,写成五位数 PQRSTPQRST。三位数 PQRPQR 能被 44 整除,三位数 QRSQRS 能被 55 整除,三位数 RSTRST 能被 33 整除。PP 是多少?

The digits 1,1, 2,2, 3,3, 4,4, and 55 are each used once to write a five-digit number PQRST.PQRST. The three-digit number PQRPQR is divisible by 4,4, the three-digit number QRSQRS is divisible by 5,5, and the three-digit number RSTRST is divisible by 3.3. What is P?P?

1 1

2 2

3 3

4 4

5 5

难度评级:1580

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因为 QRSQRS 能被 55 整除,所以 S=5S = 5

因为 PQRPQR 能被 44 整除,所以 QRQR 可以是 12,2412, 243232

如果 QR=12QR=12,则 R=2R=2,那么 RST=25TRST=25T,用剩余数字无法使其被 33 整除。如果 QR=32QR=32,则 R=2R=2,也遇到同样问题。因此 QR=24QR=24,于是 RST=45TRST=45T。在剩余数字中,只有 T=3T=3 使 453453 能被 33 整除。

因此 PQRST=12453PQRST = 12453

所以正确答案是 A

Since QRSQRS is divisible by 5,5, we know that S=5.S = 5.

Since PQRPQR is divisible by 4,4, QRQR equals either 12,24,12, 24, or 32.32.

If QR=12,QR=12, then R=2,R=2, so RST=25TRST=25T cannot be divisible by 33 using the remaining digits. If QR=32,QR=32, then R=2R=2 again, giving the same obstacle. Thus QR=24,QR=24, and then RST=45T.RST=45T. Among the remaining digits, only T=3T=3 makes 453453 divisible by 33.

Therefore, PQRST=12453.PQRST = 12453.

Thus, A is the correct answer.

25.

一个半圆内切于一个底为 1616、高为 1515 的等腰三角形中,半圆的直径位于三角形的底边上,如图所示。半圆的半径是多少?

A semicircle is inscribed in an isosceles triangle with base 1616 and height 1515 so that the diameter of the semicircle is contained in the base of the triangle as shown. What is the radius of the semicircle?

43 4 \sqrt{3}

12017 \dfrac{120}{17}

10 10

1722 \dfrac{17\sqrt{2}}{2}

1732 \dfrac{17\sqrt{3}}{2}

难度评级:1610

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OO 是圆心,也就是 AB\overline{AB}的中点。

由勾股定理可得 BC=17BC = 17

另一方面,BOC\triangle BOC 的面积为 BOC=12815=60.\begin{align*}\triangle BOC &= \dfrac{1}{2} \cdot 8 \cdot 15 \\&= 60.\end{align*} 又因为半径垂直于切点处的边,且 BOC=60=12OECB\triangle BOC=60=\dfrac{1}{2} OE \cdot CB,从而 OE=12017.OE = \dfrac{120}{17}.

所以正确答案是 B

Let OO be the center of the circle, which is the midpoint of AB.\overline{AB}.

We then get that BC=17BC = 17 via the Pythagorean theorem.

In addition, we can also calculate the area of BOC\triangle BOC as: BOC=12815=60.\begin{align*}\triangle BOC &= \dfrac{1}{2} \cdot 8 \cdot 15 \\&= 60.\end{align*} As the area of BOC=60=12OECB\triangle BOC=60=\dfrac{1}{2} OE \cdot CB we can see that OE=12017.OE = \dfrac{120}{17}.

Thus, B is the correct answer.